Public administration

Occupations in Public administration

• Chief Executives

  Medium38.73%
  Determine and formulate policies and provide overall direction of companies or private and public sector organizations within guidelines set up by a board of directors or similar governing body. Plan, direct, or coordinate operational activities at the highest level of management with the help of subordinate executives and staff managers.
• General and Operations Managers

  Medium47.73%
  Plan, direct, or coordinate the operations of public or private sector organizations, overseeing multiple departments or locations. Duties and responsibilities include formulating policies, managing daily operations, and planning the use of materials and human resources, but are too diverse and general in nature to be classified in any one functional area of management or administration, such as personnel, purchasing, or administrative services. Usually manage through subordinate supervisors. Excludes First-Line Supervisors.
• Administrative Services Managers

  Medium45.13%
  Plan, direct, or coordinate one or more administrative services of an organization, such as records and information management, mail distribution, and other office support services.
• Facilities Managers

  Medium49.28%
  Plan, direct, or coordinate operations and functionalities of facilities and buildings. May include surrounding grounds or multiple facilities of an organization's campus.
• Computer and Information Systems Managers

  Medium46.26%
  Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as electronic data processing, information systems, systems analysis, and computer programming.
• Biomass Power Plant Managers

  Medium54.43%
  Manage operations at biomass power generation facilities. Direct work activities at plant, including supervision of operations and maintenance staff.
• Hydroelectric Production Managers

  Medium54.67%
  Manage operations at hydroelectric power generation facilities. Maintain and monitor hydroelectric plant equipment for efficient and safe plant operations.
• Architectural and Engineering Managers

  Medium49.05%
  Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as architecture and engineering or research and development in these fields.
• Biofuels/Biodiesel Technology and Product Development Managers

  Medium44.96%
  Define, plan, or execute biofuels/biodiesel research programs that evaluate alternative feedstock and process technologies with near-term commercial potential.
• Food Service Managers

  Medium50.23%
  Plan, direct, or coordinate activities of an organization or department that serves food and beverages.
• Gambling Managers

  High66.16%
  Plan, direct, or coordinate gambling operations in a casino. May formulate house rules.
• Natural Sciences Managers

  Medium46.02%
  Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as life sciences, physical sciences, mathematics, statistics, and research and development in these fields.
• Social and Community Service Managers

  Medium36.80%
  Plan, direct, or coordinate the activities of a social service program or community outreach organization. Oversee the program or organization's budget and policies regarding participant involvement, program requirements, and benefits. Work may involve directing social workers, counselors, or probation officers.
• Spa Managers

  Medium53.87%
  Plan, direct, or coordinate activities of a spa facility. Coordinate programs, schedule and direct staff, and oversee financial activities.
• Compliance Managers

  Medium47.57%
  Plan, direct, or coordinate activities of an organization to ensure compliance with ethical or regulatory standards.
• Equal Opportunity Representatives and Officers

  Medium42.37%
  Monitor and evaluate compliance with equal opportunity laws, guidelines, and policies to ensure that employment practices and contracting arrangements give equal opportunity without regard to race, religion, color, national origin, sex, age, or disability.
• Government Property Inspectors and Investigators

  Medium45.48%
  Investigate or inspect government property to ensure compliance with contract agreements and government regulations.
• Human Resources Specialists

  Medium54.95%
  Recruit, screen, interview, or place individuals within an organization. May perform other activities in multiple human resources areas.
• Budget Analysts

  Medium53.05%
  Examine budget estimates for completeness, accuracy, and conformance with procedures and regulations. Analyze budgeting and accounting reports.
• Tax Examiners and Collectors, and Revenue Agents

  Medium59.98%
  Determine tax liability or collect taxes from individuals or business firms according to prescribed laws and regulations.
• Computer Systems Analysts

  Medium48.05%
  Analyze science, engineering, business, and other data processing problems to develop and implement solutions to complex applications problems, system administration issues, or network concerns. Perform systems management and integration functions, improve existing computer systems, and review computer system capabilities, workflow, and schedule limitations. May analyze or recommend commercially available software.
• Information Security Analysts

  Medium53.69%
  Plan, implement, upgrade, or monitor security measures for the protection of computer networks and information. Assess system vulnerabilities for security risks and propose and implement risk mitigation strategies. May ensure appropriate security controls are in place that will safeguard digital files and vital electronic infrastructure. May respond to computer security breaches and viruses.
• Computer and Information Research Scientists

  Medium45.73%
  Conduct research into fundamental computer and information science as theorists, designers, or inventors. Develop solutions to problems in the field of computer hardware and software.
• Computer Network Support Specialists

  Medium55.92%
  Analyze, test, troubleshoot, and evaluate existing network systems, such as local area networks (LAN), wide area networks (WAN), cloud networks, servers, and other data communications networks. Perform network maintenance to ensure networks operate correctly with minimal interruption.
• Computer User Support Specialists

  Medium55.42%
  Provide technical assistance to computer users. Answer questions or resolve computer problems for clients in person, via telephone, or electronically. May provide assistance concerning the use of computer hardware and software, including printing, installation, word processing, electronic mail, and operating systems.
• Database Administrators

  Medium50.55%
  Administer, test, and implement computer databases, applying knowledge of database management systems. Coordinate changes to computer databases. Identify, investigate, and resolve database performance issues, database capacity, and database scalability. May plan, coordinate, and implement security measures to safeguard computer databases.
• Network and Computer Systems Administrators

  Medium57.76%
  Install, configure, and maintain an organization's local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), data communications network, operating systems, and physical and virtual servers. Perform system monitoring and verify the integrity and availability of hardware, network, and server resources and systems. Review system and application logs and verify completion of scheduled jobs, including system backups. Analyze network and server resource consumption and control user access. Install and upgrade software and maintain software licenses. May assist in network modeling, analysis, planning, and coordination between network and data communications hardware and software.
• Computer Programmers

  Medium53.56%
  Create, modify, and test the code and scripts that allow computer applications to run. Work from specifications drawn up by software and web developers or other individuals. May develop and write computer programs to store, locate, and retrieve specific documents, data, and information.
• Cartographers and Photogrammetrists

  Medium56.29%
  Research, study, and prepare maps and other spatial data in digital or graphic form for one or more purposes, such as legal, social, political, educational, and design purposes. May work with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). May design and evaluate algorithms, data structures, and user interfaces for GIS and mapping systems. May collect, analyze, and interpret geographic information provided by geodetic surveys, aerial photographs, and satellite data.
• Microsystems Engineers

  Medium45.90%
  Research, design, develop, or test microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices.
• Wind Energy Engineers

  Medium49.16%
  Design underground or overhead wind farm collector systems and prepare and develop site specifications.
• Civil Engineering Technologists and Technicians

  Medium52.78%
  Apply theory and principles of civil engineering in planning, designing, and overseeing construction and maintenance of structures and facilities under the direction of engineering staff or physical scientists.
• Environmental Engineering Technologists and Technicians

  Medium48.30%
  Apply theory and principles of environmental engineering to modify, test, and operate equipment and devices used in the prevention, control, and remediation of environmental problems, including waste treatment and site remediation, under the direction of engineering staff or scientists. May assist in the development of environmental remediation devices.
• Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists

  Medium47.45%
  Study the origins, behavior, diseases, genetics, and life processes of animals and wildlife. May specialize in wildlife research and management. May collect and analyze biological data to determine the environmental effects of present and potential use of land and water habitats.
• Bioinformatics Scientists

  Medium51.45%
  Conduct research using bioinformatics theory and methods in areas such as pharmaceuticals, medical technology, biotechnology, computational biology, proteomics, computer information science, biology and medical informatics. May design databases and develop algorithms for processing and analyzing genomic information, or other biological information.
• Biologists

  Medium43.26%
  Research or study basic principles of plant and animal life, such as origin, relationship, development, anatomy, and functions.
• Range Managers

  Medium46.07%
  Research or study range land management practices to provide sustained production of forage, livestock, and wildlife.
• Park Naturalists

  Medium41.82%
  Plan, develop, and conduct programs to inform public of historical, natural, and scientific features of national, state, or local park.
• Foresters

  Medium47.18%
  Manage public and private forested lands for economic, recreational, and conservation purposes. May inventory the type, amount, and location of standing timber, appraise the timber's worth, negotiate the purchase, and draw up contracts for procurement. May determine how to conserve wildlife habitats, creek beds, water quality, and soil stability, and how best to comply with environmental regulations. May devise plans for planting and growing new trees, monitor trees for healthy growth, and determine optimal harvesting schedules.
• Physicists

  Medium51.27%
  Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories.
• Chemists

  Medium51.25%
  Conduct qualitative and quantitative chemical analyses or experiments in laboratories for quality or process control or to develop new products or knowledge.
• Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health

  Medium51.39%
  Conduct research or perform investigation for the purpose of identifying, abating, or eliminating sources of pollutants or hazards that affect either the environment or public health. Using knowledge of various scientific disciplines, may collect, synthesize, study, report, and recommend action based on data derived from measurements or observations of air, food, soil, water, and other sources.
• School Psychologists

  Medium38.83%
  Diagnose and implement individual or schoolwide interventions or strategies to address educational, behavioral, or developmental issues that adversely impact educational functioning in a school. May address student learning and behavioral problems and counsel students or families. May design and implement performance plans, and evaluate performance. May consult with other school-based personnel.
• Historians

  Medium48.06%
  Research, analyze, record, and interpret the past as recorded in sources, such as government and institutional records, newspapers and other periodicals, photographs, interviews, films, electronic media, and unpublished manuscripts, such as personal diaries and letters.
• Agricultural Technicians

  Medium50.20%
  Work with agricultural scientists in plant, fiber, and animal research, or assist with animal breeding and nutrition. Set up or maintain laboratory equipment and collect samples from crops or animals. Prepare specimens or record data to assist scientists in biology or related life science experiments. Conduct tests and experiments to improve yield and quality of crops or to increase the resistance of plants and animals to disease or insects.
• Biological Technicians

  Medium56.49%
  Assist biological and medical scientists. Set up, operate, and maintain laboratory instruments and equipment, monitor experiments, collect data and samples, make observations, and calculate and record results. May analyze organic substances, such as blood, food, and drugs.
• Chemical Technicians

  Medium50.77%
  Conduct chemical and physical laboratory tests to assist scientists in making qualitative and quantitative analyses of solids, liquids, and gaseous materials for research and development of new products or processes, quality control, maintenance of environmental standards, and other work involving experimental, theoretical, or practical application of chemistry and related sciences.
• Social Science Research Assistants

  Medium53.73%
  Assist social scientists in laboratory, survey, and other social science research. May help prepare findings for publication and assist in laboratory analysis, quality control, or data management.
• Forest and Conservation Technicians

  Medium40.64%
  Provide technical assistance regarding the conservation of soil, water, forests, or related natural resources. May compile data pertaining to size, content, condition, and other characteristics of forest tracts under the direction of foresters, or train and lead forest workers in forest propagation and fire prevention and suppression. May assist conservation scientists in managing, improving, and protecting rangelands and wildlife habitats.
• Forensic Science Technicians

  Medium37.96%
  Collect, identify, classify, and analyze physical evidence related to criminal investigations. Perform tests on weapons or substances, such as fiber, hair, and tissue to determine significance to investigation. May testify as expert witnesses on evidence or crime laboratory techniques. May serve as specialists in area of expertise, such as ballistics, fingerprinting, handwriting, or biochemistry.
• Remote Sensing Technicians

  Medium60.88%
  Apply remote sensing technologies to assist scientists in areas such as natural resources, urban planning, or homeland security. May prepare flight plans or sensor configurations for flight trips.
• Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselors

  Medium37.45%
  Counsel and advise individuals with alcohol, tobacco, drug, or other problems, such as gambling and eating disorders. May counsel individuals, families, or groups or engage in prevention programs.
• Educational, Guidance, and Career Counselors and Advisors

  Medium41.45%
  Advise and assist students and provide educational and vocational guidance services.
• Mental Health Counselors

  Medium33.62%
  Counsel and advise individuals and groups to promote optimum mental and emotional health, with an emphasis on prevention. May help individuals deal with a broad range of mental health issues, such as those associated with addictions and substance abuse; family, parenting, and marital problems; stress management; self-esteem; or aging.
• Rehabilitation Counselors

  Medium39.06%
  Counsel individuals to maximize the independence and employability of persons coping with personal, social, and vocational difficulties that result from birth defects, illness, disease, accidents, aging, or the stress of daily life. Coordinate activities for residents of care and treatment facilities. Assess client needs and design and implement rehabilitation programs that may include personal and vocational counseling, training, and job placement.
• Child, Family, and School Social Workers

  Low32.79%
  Provide social services and assistance to improve the social and psychological functioning of children and their families and to maximize the family well-being and the academic functioning of children. May assist parents, arrange adoptions, and find foster homes for abandoned or abused children. In schools, they address such problems as teenage pregnancy, misbehavior, and truancy. May also advise teachers.
• Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers

  Medium37.73%
  Assess and treat individuals with mental, emotional, or substance abuse problems, including abuse of alcohol, tobacco, and/or other drugs. Activities may include individual and group therapy, crisis intervention, case management, client advocacy, prevention, and education.
• Health Education Specialists

  Medium44.56%
  Provide and manage health education programs that help individuals, families, and their communities maximize and maintain healthy lifestyles. Use data to identify community needs prior to planning, implementing, monitoring, and evaluating programs designed to encourage healthy lifestyles, policies, and environments. May link health systems, health providers, insurers, and patients to address individual and population health needs. May serve as resource to assist individuals, other health professionals, or the community, and may administer fiscal resources for health education programs.
• Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists

  Medium37.54%
  Provide social services to assist in rehabilitation of law offenders in custody or on probation or parole. Make recommendations for actions involving formulation of rehabilitation plan and treatment of offender, including conditional release and education and employment stipulations.
• Social and Human Service Assistants

  Medium50.51%
  Assist other social and human service providers in providing client services in a wide variety of fields, such as psychology, rehabilitation, or social work, including support for families. May assist clients in identifying and obtaining available benefits and social and community services. May assist social workers with developing, organizing, and conducting programs to prevent and resolve problems relevant to substance abuse, human relationships, rehabilitation, or dependent care.
• Community Health Workers

  Medium39.58%
  Promote health within a community by assisting individuals to adopt healthy behaviors. Serve as an advocate for the health needs of individuals by assisting community residents in effectively communicating with healthcare providers or social service agencies. Act as liaison or advocate and implement programs that promote, maintain, and improve individual and overall community health. May deliver health-related preventive services such as blood pressure, glaucoma, and hearing screenings. May collect data to help identify community health needs.
• Lawyers

  Medium41.23%
  Represent clients in criminal and civil litigation and other legal proceedings, draw up legal documents, or manage or advise clients on legal transactions. May specialize in a single area or may practice broadly in many areas of law.
• Judicial Law Clerks

  Medium49.30%
  Assist judges in court or by conducting research or preparing legal documents.
• Administrative Law Judges, Adjudicators, and Hearing Officers

  Medium47.51%
  Conduct hearings to recommend or make decisions on claims concerning government programs or other government-related matters. Determine liability, sanctions, or penalties, or recommend the acceptance or rejection of claims or settlements.
• Judges, Magistrate Judges, and Magistrates

  Low21.10%
  Arbitrate, advise, adjudicate, or administer justice in a court of law. May sentence defendant in criminal cases according to government statutes or sentencing guidelines. May determine liability of defendant in civil cases. May perform wedding ceremonies.
• Paralegals and Legal Assistants

  Medium45.20%
  Assist lawyers by investigating facts, preparing legal documents, or researching legal precedent. Conduct research to support a legal proceeding, to formulate a defense, or to initiate legal action.
• Librarians and Media Collections Specialists

  Medium50.09%
  Administer and maintain libraries or collections of information, for public or private access through reference or borrowing. Work in a variety of settings, such as educational institutions, museums, and corporations, and with various types of informational materials, such as books, periodicals, recordings, films, and databases. Tasks may include acquiring, cataloging, and circulating library materials, and user services such as locating and organizing information, providing instruction on how to access information, and setting up and operating a library's media equipment.
• Library Technicians

  Medium62.26%
  Assist librarians by helping readers in the use of library catalogs, databases, and indexes to locate books and other materials; and by answering questions that require only brief consultation of standard reference. Compile records; sort and shelve books or other media; remove or repair damaged books or other media; register patrons; and check materials in and out of the circulation process. Replace materials in shelving area (stacks) or files. Includes bookmobile drivers who assist with providing services in mobile libraries.
• Instructional Coordinators

  Medium49.06%
  Develop instructional material, coordinate educational content, and incorporate current technology into instruction in order to provide guidelines to educators and instructors for developing curricula and conducting courses. May train and coach teachers. Includes educational consultants and specialists, and instructional material directors.
• Technical Writers

  Medium54.19%
  Write technical materials, such as equipment manuals, appendices, or operating and maintenance instructions. May assist in layout work.
• Interpreters and Translators

  Medium53.60%
  Interpret oral or sign language, or translate written text from one language into another.
• Court Reporters and Simultaneous Captioners

  High79.75%
  Use verbatim methods and equipment to capture, store, retrieve, and transcribe pretrial and trial proceedings or other information. Includes stenocaptioners who operate computerized stenographic captioning equipment to provide captions of live or prerecorded broadcasts for hearing-impaired viewers.
• Family Medicine Physicians

  Medium43.08%
  Diagnose, treat, and provide preventive care to individuals and families across the lifespan. May refer patients to specialists when needed for further diagnosis or treatment.
• Hearing Aid Specialists

  Medium35.90%
  Select and fit hearing aids for customers. Administer and interpret tests of hearing. Assess hearing instrument efficacy. Take ear impressions and prepare, design, and modify ear molds.
• Psychiatric Aides

  Low20.31%
  Assist mentally impaired or emotionally disturbed patients, working under direction of nursing and medical staff. May assist with daily living activities, lead patients in educational and recreational activities, or accompany patients to and from examinations and treatments. May restrain violent patients. Includes psychiatric orderlies.
• First-Line Supervisors of Correctional Officers

  Low32.16%
  Directly supervise and coordinate activities of correctional officers and jailers.
• First-Line Supervisors of Police and Detectives

  Medium36.93%
  Directly supervise and coordinate activities of members of police force.
• First-Line Supervisors of Firefighting and Prevention Workers

  Medium40.17%
  Directly supervise and coordinate activities of workers engaged in firefighting and fire prevention and control.
• Firefighters

  Low13.98%
  Control and extinguish fires or respond to emergency situations where life, property, or the environment is at risk. Duties may include fire prevention, emergency medical service, hazardous material response, search and rescue, and disaster assistance.
• Fire Inspectors and Investigators

  Medium36.94%
  Inspect buildings to detect fire hazards and enforce local ordinances and state laws, or investigate and gather facts to determine cause of fires and explosions.
• Forest Fire Inspectors and Prevention Specialists

  Medium47.71%
  Enforce fire regulations, inspect forest for fire hazards, and recommend forest fire prevention or control measures. May report forest fires and weather conditions.
• Bailiffs

  Low23.14%
  Maintain order in courts of law.
• Correctional Officers and Jailers

  Medium40.28%
  Guard inmates in penal or rehabilitative institutions in accordance with established regulations and procedures. May guard prisoners in transit between jail, courtroom, prison, or other point. Includes deputy sheriffs and police who spend the majority of their time guarding prisoners in correctional institutions.
• Detectives and Criminal Investigators

  Low32.81%
  Conduct investigations related to suspected violations of federal, state, or local laws to prevent or solve crimes.
• Police Identification and Records Officers

  Low31.22%
  Collect evidence at crime scene, classify and identify fingerprints, and photograph evidence for use in criminal and civil cases.
• Fish and Game Wardens

  Medium34.90%
  Patrol assigned area to prevent fish and game law violations. Investigate reports of damage to crops or property by wildlife. Compile biological data.
• Parking Enforcement Workers

  Medium47.22%
  Patrol assigned area, such as public parking lot or city streets to issue tickets to overtime parking violators and illegally parked vehicles.
• Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers

  Low27.10%
  Maintain order and protect life and property by enforcing local, tribal, state, or federal laws and ordinances. Perform a combination of the following duties: patrol a specific area; direct traffic; issue traffic summonses; investigate accidents; apprehend and arrest suspects, or serve legal processes of courts. Includes police officers working at educational institutions.
• Customs and Border Protection Officers

  Medium35.91%
  Investigate and inspect persons, common carriers, goods, and merchandise, arriving in or departing from the United States or between states to detect violations of immigration and customs laws and regulations.
• Transit and Railroad Police

  Low32.83%
  Protect and police railroad and transit property, employees, or passengers.
• Animal Control Workers

  Medium37.83%
  Handle animals for the purpose of investigations of mistreatment, or control of abandoned, dangerous, or unattended animals.
• Gambling Surveillance Officers and Gambling Investigators

  Medium52.56%
  Observe gambling operation for irregular activities such as cheating or theft by either employees or patrons. Investigate potential threats to gambling assets such as money, chips, and gambling equipment. Act as oversight and security agent for management and customers.
• Crossing Guards and Flaggers

  Medium47.59%
  Guide or control vehicular or pedestrian traffic at such places as streets, schools, railroad crossings, or construction sites.
• Lifeguards, Ski Patrol, and Other Recreational Protective Service Workers

  Medium41.25%
  Monitor recreational areas, such as pools, beaches, or ski slopes, to provide assistance and protection to participants.
• First-Line Supervisors of Food Preparation and Serving Workers

  Medium56.86%
  Directly supervise and coordinate activities of workers engaged in preparing and serving food.
• Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria

  Medium50.81%
  Prepare and cook large quantities of food for institutions, such as schools, hospitals, or cafeterias.
• First-Line Supervisors of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers

  Medium58.89%
  Directly supervise and coordinate work activities of cleaning personnel in hotels, hospitals, offices, and other establishments.
• First-Line Supervisors of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers

  Medium54.54%
  Directly supervise and coordinate activities of workers engaged in landscaping or groundskeeping activities. Work may involve reviewing contracts to ascertain service, machine, and workforce requirements; answering inquiries from potential customers regarding methods, material, and price ranges; and preparing estimates according to labor, material, and machine costs.
• Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners

  Low25.93%
  Keep buildings in clean and orderly condition. Perform heavy cleaning duties, such as cleaning floors, shampooing rugs, washing walls and glass, and removing rubbish. Duties may include tending furnace and boiler, performing routine maintenance activities, notifying management of need for repairs, and cleaning snow or debris from sidewalk.
• Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers

  Low19.04%
  Landscape or maintain grounds of property using hand or power tools or equipment. Workers typically perform a variety of tasks, which may include any combination of the following: sod laying, mowing, trimming, planting, watering, fertilizing, digging, raking, sprinkler installation, and installation of mortarless segmental concrete masonry wall units.
• Pesticide Handlers, Sprayers, and Applicators, Vegetation

  Low29.66%
  Mix or apply pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, or insecticides through sprays, dusts, vapors, soil incorporation, or chemical application on trees, shrubs, lawns, or crops. Usually requires specific training and state or federal certification.
• First-Line Supervisors of Gambling Services Workers

  Medium53.47%
  Directly supervise and coordinate activities of workers in assigned gambling areas. May circulate among tables, observe operations, and ensure that stations and games are covered for each shift. May verify and pay off jackpots. May reset slot machines after payoffs and make repairs or adjustments to slot machines or recommend removal of slot machines for repair. May plan and organize activities and services for guests in hotels/casinos.
• First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers

  Medium49.25%
  Supervise and coordinate activities of personal service workers.
• Animal Trainers

  Low22.96%
  Train animals for riding, harness, security, performance, or obedience, or for assisting persons with disabilities. Accustom animals to human voice and contact, and condition animals to respond to commands. Train animals according to prescribed standards for show or competition. May train animals to carry pack loads or work as part of pack team.
• Recreation Workers

  Medium37.90%
  Conduct recreation activities with groups in public, private, or volunteer agencies or recreation facilities. Organize and promote activities, such as arts and crafts, sports, games, music, dramatics, social recreation, camping, and hobbies, taking into account the needs and interests of individual members.
• First-Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers

  Medium52.67%
  Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of clerical and administrative support workers.
• Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service

  High80.81%
  Operate telephone business systems equipment or switchboards to relay incoming, outgoing, and interoffice calls. May supply information to callers and record messages.
• Billing and Posting Clerks

  High79.60%
  Compile, compute, and record billing, accounting, statistical, and other numerical data for billing purposes. Prepare billing invoices for services rendered or for delivery or shipment of goods.
• Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks

  High84.94%
  Compute, classify, and record numerical data to keep financial records complete. Perform any combination of routine calculating, posting, and verifying duties to obtain primary financial data for use in maintaining accounting records. May also check the accuracy of figures, calculations, and postings pertaining to business transactions recorded by other workers.
• Gambling Cage Workers

  Medium65.51%
  In a gambling establishment, conduct financial transactions for patrons. Accept patron's credit application and verify credit references to provide check-cashing authorization or to establish house credit accounts. May reconcile daily summaries of transactions to balance books. May sell gambling chips, tokens, or tickets to patrons, or to other workers for resale to patrons. May convert gambling chips, tokens, or tickets to currency upon patron's request. May use a cash register or computer to record transaction.
• Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks

  High77.74%
  Compile and record employee time and payroll data. May compute employees' time worked, production, and commission. May compute and post wages and deductions, or prepare paychecks.
• Procurement Clerks

  High71.53%
  Compile information and records to draw up purchase orders for procurement of materials and services.
• Correspondence Clerks

  High78.29%
  Compose letters or electronic correspondence in reply to requests for merchandise, damage claims, credit and other information, delinquent accounts, incorrect billings, or unsatisfactory services. Duties may include gathering data to formulate reply and preparing correspondence.
• Court, Municipal, and License Clerks

  Medium65.96%
  Perform clerical duties for courts of law, municipalities, or governmental licensing agencies and bureaus. May prepare docket of cases to be called; secure information for judges and court; prepare draft agendas or bylaws for town or city council; answer official correspondence; keep fiscal records and accounts; issue licenses or permits; and record data, administer tests, or collect fees.
• Customer Service Representatives

  High68.30%
  Interact with customers to provide basic or scripted information in response to routine inquiries about products and services. May handle and resolve general complaints. Excludes individuals whose duties are primarily installation, sales, repair, and technical support.
• Eligibility Interviewers, Government Programs

  High66.78%
  Determine eligibility of persons applying to receive assistance from government programs and agency resources, such as welfare, unemployment benefits, social security, and public housing.
• File Clerks

  High71.35%
  File correspondence, cards, invoices, receipts, and other records in alphabetical or numerical order or according to the filing system used. Locate and remove material from file when requested.
• Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping

  High67.61%
  Compile and keep personnel records. Record data for each employee, such as address, weekly earnings, absences, amount of sales or production, supervisory reports, and date of and reason for termination. May prepare reports for employment records, file employment records, or search employee files and furnish information to authorized persons.
• Receptionists and Information Clerks

  High74.18%
  Answer inquiries and provide information to the general public, customers, visitors, and other interested parties regarding activities conducted at establishment and location of departments, offices, and employees within the organization.
• Public Safety Telecommunicators

  High71.21%
  Operate telephone, radio, or other communication systems to receive and communicate requests for emergency assistance at 9-1-1 public safety answering points and emergency operations centers. Take information from the public and other sources regarding crimes, threats, disturbances, acts of terrorism, fires, medical emergencies, and other public safety matters. May coordinate and provide information to law enforcement and emergency response personnel. May access sensitive databases and other information sources as needed. May provide additional instructions to callers based on knowledge of and certification in law enforcement, fire, or emergency medical procedures.
• Meter Readers, Utilities

  High70.08%
  Read meter and record consumption of electricity, gas, water, or steam.
• Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants

  Medium60.44%
  Provide high-level administrative support by conducting research, preparing statistical reports, and handling information requests, as well as performing routine administrative functions such as preparing correspondence, receiving visitors, arranging conference calls, and scheduling meetings. May also train and supervise lower-level clerical staff.
• Legal Secretaries and Administrative Assistants

  High68.79%
  Perform secretarial duties using legal terminology, procedures, and documents. Prepare legal papers and correspondence, such as summonses, complaints, motions, and subpoenas. May also assist with legal research.
• Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive

  High71.06%
  Perform routine administrative functions such as drafting correspondence, scheduling appointments, organizing and maintaining paper and electronic files, or providing information to callers.
• Data Entry Keyers

  High74.25%
  Operate data entry device, such as keyboard or photo composing perforator. Duties may include verifying data and preparing materials for printing.
• Word Processors and Typists

  High83.45%
  Use word processor, computer, or typewriter to type letters, reports, forms, or other material from rough draft, corrected copy, or voice recording. May perform other clerical duties as assigned.
• Office Clerks, General

  Medium65.57%
  Perform duties too varied and diverse to be classified in any specific office clerical occupation, requiring knowledge of office systems and procedures. Clerical duties may be assigned in accordance with the office procedures of individual establishments and may include a combination of answering telephones, bookkeeping, typing or word processing, office machine operation, and filing.
• Statistical Assistants

  High75.61%
  Compile and compute data according to statistical formulas for use in statistical studies. May perform actuarial computations and compile charts and graphs for use by actuaries. Includes actuarial clerks.
• First-Line Supervisors of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers

  Medium51.76%
  Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of agricultural, forestry, aquacultural, and related workers.
• Agricultural Inspectors

  Medium43.19%
  Inspect agricultural commodities, processing equipment, and facilities, and fish and logging operations, to ensure compliance with regulations and laws governing health, quality, and safety.
• Forest and Conservation Workers

  Low29.06%
  Under supervision, perform manual labor necessary to develop, maintain, or protect areas such as forests, forested areas, woodlands, wetlands, and rangelands through such activities as raising and transporting seedlings; combating insects, pests, and diseases harmful to plant life; and building structures to control water, erosion, and leaching of soil. Includes forester aides, seedling pullers, tree planters, and gatherers of nontimber forestry products such as pine straw.
• Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment Operators

  Low27.26%
  Operate equipment used for applying concrete, asphalt, or other materials to road beds, parking lots, or airport runways and taxiways or for tamping gravel, dirt, or other materials. Includes concrete and asphalt paving machine operators, form tampers, tamping machine operators, and stone spreader operators.
• Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators

  Medium39.01%
  Operate one or several types of power construction equipment, such as motor graders, bulldozers, scrapers, compressors, pumps, derricks, shovels, tractors, or front-end loaders to excavate, move, and grade earth, erect structures, or pour concrete or other hard surface pavement. May repair and maintain equipment in addition to other duties.
• Electricians

  Low24.63%
  Install, maintain, and repair electrical wiring, equipment, and fixtures. Ensure that work is in accordance with relevant codes. May install or service street lights, intercom systems, or electrical control systems.
• Helpers--Electricians

  Low13.85%
  Help electricians by performing duties requiring less skill. Duties include using, supplying, or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment.
• Highway Maintenance Workers

  Low20.84%
  Maintain highways, municipal and rural roads, airport runways, and rights-of-way. Duties include patching broken or eroded pavement and repairing guard rails, highway markers, and snow fences. May also mow or clear brush from along road, or plow snow from roadway.
• Septic Tank Servicers and Sewer Pipe Cleaners

  Low25.86%
  Clean and repair septic tanks, sewer lines, or drains. May patch walls and partitions of tank, replace damaged drain tile, or repair breaks in underground piping.
• Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines

  Medium41.90%
  Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul mobile mechanical, hydraulic, and pneumatic equipment, such as cranes, bulldozers, graders, and conveyors, used in construction, logging, and mining.
• Maintenance and Repair Workers, General

  Low30.19%
  Perform work involving the skills of two or more maintenance or craft occupations to keep machines, mechanical equipment, or the structure of a building in repair. Duties may involve pipe fitting; HVAC maintenance; insulating; welding; machining; carpentry; repairing electrical or mechanical equipment; installing, aligning, and balancing new equipment; and repairing buildings, floors, or stairs.
• Helpers--Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers

  Low30.94%
  Help installation, maintenance, and repair workers in maintenance, parts replacement, and repair of vehicles, industrial machinery, and electrical and electronic equipment. Perform duties such as furnishing tools, materials, and supplies to other workers; cleaning work area, machines, and tools; and holding materials or tools for other workers.
• Aircraft Structure, Surfaces, Rigging, and Systems Assemblers

  Low28.35%
  Assemble, fit, fasten, and install parts of airplanes, space vehicles, or missiles, such as tails, wings, fuselage, bulkheads, stabilizers, landing gear, rigging and control equipment, or heating and ventilating systems.
• Biomass Plant Technicians

  Medium53.51%
  Control and monitor biomass plant activities and perform maintenance as needed.
• Hydroelectric Plant Technicians

  Medium39.93%
  Monitor and control activities associated with hydropower generation. Operate plant equipment, such as turbines, pumps, valves, gates, fans, electric control boards, and battery banks. Monitor equipment operation and performance and make necessary adjustments to ensure optimal performance. Perform equipment maintenance and repair as necessary.
• Stationary Engineers and Boiler Operators

  Medium43.49%
  Operate or maintain stationary engines, boilers, or other mechanical equipment to provide utilities for buildings or industrial processes. Operate equipment such as steam engines, generators, motors, turbines, and steam boilers.
• Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant and System Operators

  Medium52.51%
  Operate or control an entire process or system of machines, often through the use of control boards, to transfer or treat water or wastewater.
• Recycling Coordinators

  Medium53.65%
  Supervise curbside and drop-off recycling programs for municipal governments or private firms.
• First-Line Supervisors of Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators

  Medium53.71%
  Directly supervise and coordinate activities of material-moving machine and vehicle operators and helpers.
• Traffic Technicians

  Medium59.96%
  Conduct field studies to determine traffic volume, speed, effectiveness of signals, adequacy of lighting, and other factors influencing traffic conditions, under direction of traffic engineer.
• Aviation Inspectors

  Medium49.28%
  Inspect aircraft, maintenance procedures, air navigational aids, air traffic controls, and communications equipment to ensure conformance with Federal safety regulations.
• Recycling and Reclamation Workers

  Medium40.67%
  Prepare and sort materials or products for recycling. Identify and remove hazardous substances. Dismantle components of products such as appliances.
• Stockers and Order Fillers

  Medium56.05%
  Receive, store, and issue merchandise, materials, equipment, and other items from stockroom, warehouse, or storage yard to fill shelves, racks, tables, or customers' orders. May operate power equipment to fill orders. May mark prices on merchandise and set up sales displays.
• Refuse and Recyclable Material Collectors

  Medium40.81%
  Collect and dump refuse or recyclable materials from containers into truck. May drive truck.