Chief Executives
Medium38.73%
Found in Industries:
Salary Range
Low (10th %)$80,000
Median$206,680
High (90th %)$--
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Determine and formulate policies and provide overall direction of companies or private and public sector organizations within guidelines set up by a board of directors or similar governing body. Plan, direct, or coordinate operational activities at the highest level of management with the help of subordinate executives and staff managers.
The occupation of "Chief Executives" has an automation risk of 38.7%, which is slightly lower than its base risk of 39.5%. This moderate risk is primarily due to the complexity and breadth of executive roles, rather than a high degree of repetitive or routine tasks. While advances in AI and automation technology can streamline many managerial functions, the unique leadership, vision, and interpersonal responsibilities endemic to executive positions present notable obstacles to full automation. As businesses increasingly adopt AI tools to manage data analysis and operational workflows, upper-level decision-making—often reliant on intuition, experience, and nuanced judgment—remains less susceptible to technological replacement. Among the most automatable tasks for chief executives are those focused on the financial and administrative operations of an organization. Tasks such as directing or coordinating financial or budget activities, conferring with board members and staff to discuss organizational issues, and preparing budgets for approval, are largely process-driven and data-dependent. Automation technologies, particularly sophisticated data analysis and business intelligence software, can now process vast amounts of financial data and generate reports with high efficiency, reducing the need for human involvement in these areas. These functions are structured with clear logic and predefined parameters, making them well-suited to automation compared to the creative and high-level aspects of executive work. On the other hand, certain core responsibilities of chief executives are much more resistant to automation. Tasks such as representing organizations at official functions, administering programs for site selection or provisioning, and directing or conducting critical research on operational issues require high degrees of originality, adaptability, and interpersonal skill. According to bottleneck skills data, originality—the ability to generate new ideas and solutions—remains a critical competency (scored at only 3.8% and 4.3% automatable), highlighting the creative and strategic nature of sustained executive leadership. These resistant tasks necessitate nuanced understanding of context, stakeholder management, and often bespoke decision-making that current AI systems cannot replicate, thus providing a buffer against the encroachment of automation in C-suite roles.
Filter by Automatable Status
Direct or coordinate an organization's financial or budget activities to fund operations, maximize investments, or increase efficiency.
Partially Automatable
Confer with board members, organization officials, or staff members to discuss issues, coordinate activities, or resolve problems.
Partially Automatable
Prepare budgets for approval, including those for funding or implementation of programs.
Partially Automatable
Prepare or present reports concerning activities, expenses, budgets, government statutes or rulings, or other items affecting businesses or program services.
Partially Automatable
Implement corrective action plans to solve organizational or departmental problems.
Partially Automatable
Analyze operations to evaluate performance of a company or its staff in meeting objectives or to determine areas of potential cost reduction, program improvement, or policy change.
Partially Automatable
Direct or coordinate activities of businesses or departments concerned with production, pricing, sales, or distribution of products.
Partially Automatable
Direct human resources activities, including the approval of human resource plans or activities, the selection of directors or other high-level staff, or establishment or organization of major departments.
Non-Automatable
Appoint department heads or managers and assign or delegate responsibilities to them.
Non-Automatable
Interpret and explain policies, rules, regulations, or laws to organizations, government or corporate officials, or individuals.
Partially Automatable
Review reports submitted by staff members to recommend approval or to suggest changes.
Partially Automatable
Negotiate or approve contracts or agreements with suppliers, distributors, federal or state agencies, or other organizational entities.
Partially Automatable
Establish departmental responsibilities and coordinate functions among departments and sites.
Partially Automatable
Serve as liaisons between organizations, shareholders, and outside organizations.
Partially Automatable
Coordinate the development or implementation of budgetary control systems, recordkeeping systems, or other administrative control processes.
Partially Automatable
Preside over, or serve on, boards of directors, management committees, or other governing boards.
Non-Automatable
Attend and participate in meetings of municipal councils or council committees.
Non-Automatable
Organize or approve promotional campaigns.
Partially Automatable
Nominate citizens to boards or commissions.
Partially Automatable
Conduct or direct investigations or hearings to resolve complaints or violations of laws, or testify at such hearings.
Partially Automatable
Direct or coordinate activities of businesses involved with buying or selling investment products or financial services.
Non-Automatable
Prepare bylaws approved by elected officials, and ensure that bylaws are enforced.
Partially Automatable
Review and analyze legislation, laws, or public policy and recommend changes to promote or support interests of the general population or special groups.
Partially Automatable
Direct non-merchandising departments, such as advertising, purchasing, credit, or accounting.
Partially Automatable
Refer major policy matters to elected representatives for final decisions.
Non-Automatable
Direct or conduct studies or research on issues affecting areas of responsibility.
Partially Automatable
Administer programs for selection of sites, construction of buildings, or provision of equipment or supplies.
Partially Automatable
Represent organizations or promote their objectives at official functions, or delegate representatives to do so.
Non-Automatable
Deliver speeches, write articles, or present information at meetings or conventions to promote services, exchange ideas, or accomplish objectives.
Partially Automatable
Make presentations to legislative or other government committees regarding policies, programs, or budgets.
Partially Automatable
Direct, plan, or implement policies, objectives, or activities of organizations or businesses to ensure continuing operations, to maximize returns on investments, or to increase productivity.
Partially Automatable
Reading ComprehensionActive ListeningWritingSpeakingMathematicsScienceCritical ThinkingActive LearningLearning StrategiesMonitoringSocial PerceptivenessCoordinationPersuasionNegotiationInstructingService OrientationComplex Problem SolvingOperations AnalysisTechnology DesignEquipment SelectionInstallationProgrammingOperations MonitoringOperation and ControlEquipment MaintenanceTroubleshootingRepairingQuality Control AnalysisJudgment and Decision MakingSystems AnalysisSystems EvaluationTime ManagementManagement of Financial ResourcesManagement of Material ResourcesManagement of Personnel Resources
Arm-Hand SteadinessAuditory AttentionCategory FlexibilityControl PrecisionDeductive ReasoningDepth PerceptionDynamic FlexibilityDynamic StrengthExplosive StrengthExtent FlexibilityFar VisionFinger DexterityFlexibility of ClosureFluency of IdeasGlare SensitivityGross Body CoordinationGross Body EquilibriumHearing SensitivityInductive ReasoningInformation OrderingManual DexterityMathematical ReasoningMemorizationMultilimb CoordinationNear VisionNight VisionNumber FacilityOral ComprehensionOral ExpressionOriginalityPerceptual SpeedPeripheral VisionProblem SensitivityRate ControlReaction TimeResponse OrientationSelective AttentionSound LocalizationSpatial OrientationSpeech ClaritySpeech RecognitionSpeed of ClosureSpeed of Limb MovementStaminaStatic StrengthTime SharingTrunk StrengthVisual Color DiscriminationVisualizationWrist-Finger SpeedWritten ComprehensionWritten Expression
Engineering and TechnologyAdministrativeEconomics and AccountingSales and MarketingCustomer and Personal ServiceProduction and ProcessingFood ProductionComputers and ElectronicsForeign LanguageDesignBuilding and ConstructionMechanicalBiologyPsychologySociology and AnthropologyGeographyMedicine and DentistryEnglish LanguageEducation and TrainingMathematicsPhysicsChemistryLaw and GovernmentPhilosophy and TheologyPublic Safety and SecurityTelecommunicationsCommunications and MediaTransportationFine ArtsHistory and ArcheologyTherapy and CounselingAdministration and ManagementPersonnel and Human Resources
Identifying Objects, Actions, and EventsInspecting Equipment, Structures, or MaterialsEstimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or InformationMonitoring Processes, Materials, or SurroundingsJudging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or PeopleProcessing InformationEvaluating Information to Determine Compliance with StandardsAnalyzing Data or InformationMaking Decisions and Solving ProblemsThinking CreativelyUpdating and Using Relevant KnowledgeDeveloping Objectives and StrategiesScheduling Work and ActivitiesOrganizing, Planning, and Prioritizing WorkPerforming General Physical ActivitiesHandling and Moving ObjectsControlling Machines and ProcessesOperating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or EquipmentWorking with ComputersDocumenting/Recording InformationInterpreting the Meaning of Information for OthersCommunicating with Supervisors, Peers, or SubordinatesCommunicating with People Outside the OrganizationEstablishing and Maintaining Interpersonal RelationshipsAssisting and Caring for OthersSelling or Influencing OthersResolving Conflicts and Negotiating with OthersPerforming for or Working Directly with the PublicCoordinating the Work and Activities of OthersDeveloping and Building TeamsTraining and Teaching OthersGuiding, Directing, and Motivating SubordinatesCoaching and Developing OthersProviding Consultation and Advice to OthersPerforming Administrative ActivitiesStaffing Organizational UnitsMonitoring and Controlling ResourcesGetting InformationDrafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and EquipmentRepairing and Maintaining Electronic EquipmentRepairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment
Atlassian JIRAComputerEase construction accounting softwareDatabase reporting softwareDataboxEmail softwareEnterprise resource planning ERP softwareExtensible markup language XMLFund accounting softwareGraphic presentation softwareHalogen e360Halogen ePraisalHCSS HeavyBidHuman resource information system (HRIS)Intuit QuickBooksListserv softwareLyris HQ Web-Analytics SolutionMentimeterMicrosoft DynamicsMicrosoft Dynamics AXMicrosoft Dynamics GPMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft FRxMicrosoft Office softwareMicrosoft OutlookMicrosoft PowerPointMicrosoft ProjectMicrosoft PublisherMicrosoft SharePointMicrosoft WordNedstat SitestatNorchard Solutions Succession WizardOracle E-Business SuiteOracle PeopleSoftOracle Siebel Server SyncPHPSage 50 AccountingSAP softwareSmugMug FlickrWeb browser softwareAdSense TrackerAtlassian JIRAComputerEase construction accounting softwareDatabase reporting softwareDataboxEmail softwareExtensible markup language XMLFund accounting softwareHalogen e360Halogen ePraisalHCSS HeavyBidIntuit QuickBooksListserv softwareMentimeterMicrosoft DynamicsMicrosoft Dynamics AXMicrosoft Dynamics GPMicrosoft FRxMicrosoft OutlookMicrosoft PowerPointMicrosoft ProjectMicrosoft PublisherMicrosoft SharePointMicrosoft WordNedstat SitestatNorchard Solutions Succession WizardOracle E-Business SuiteOracle PeopleSoftInfor SSA Human Capital ManagementOracle Siebel Server SyncPHPSage 50 AccountingHCSS HeavyJobSmugMug FlickrWeb browser softwareMicrosoft AccessStructured query language SQLExact Software Macola ES Labor PerformanceAdSense TrackerMicrosoft ExcelBlackbaud The Raiser's EdgeAdobe AcrobatExact Software Macola ES Labor PerformanceGraphic presentation softwareHuman resource information system (HRIS)HCSS HeavyJobLyris HQ Web-Analytics SolutionMicrosoft AccessInfor SSA Human Capital ManagementRelational database management softwareOnline advertising reporting softwareRelational database management softwareStructured query language SQLAdobe AcrobatOnline advertising reporting softwareBlackbaud The Raiser's EdgeEnterprise resource planning ERP softwareMicrosoft Office softwareSAP software
Chief Sustainability Officers
Medium50.38%
Communicate and coordinate with management, shareholders, customers, and employees to address sustainability issues. Enact or oversee a corporate sustainability strategy.
General and Operations Managers
Medium47.73%
Plan, direct, or coordinate the operations of public or private sector organizations, overseeing multiple departments or locations. Duties and responsibilities include formulating policies, managing daily operations, and planning the use of materials and human resources, but are too diverse and general in nature to be classified in any one functional area of management or administration, such as personnel, purchasing, or administrative services. Usually manage through subordinate supervisors. Excludes First-Line Supervisors.
Legislators
Medium39.17%
Develop, introduce, or enact laws and statutes at the local, tribal, state, or federal level. Includes only workers in elected positions.
Public Relations Managers
Medium48.75%
Plan, direct, or coordinate activities designed to create or maintain a favorable public image or raise issue awareness for their organization or client.
Administrative Services Managers
Medium45.13%
Plan, direct, or coordinate one or more administrative services of an organization, such as records and information management, mail distribution, and other office support services.
Financial Managers
Medium52.15%
Plan, direct, or coordinate accounting, investing, banking, insurance, securities, and other financial activities of a branch, office, or department of an establishment.
Treasurers and Controllers
Medium49.16%
Direct financial activities, such as planning, procurement, and investments for all or part of an organization.
Human Resources Managers
Medium49.09%
Plan, direct, or coordinate human resources activities and staff of an organization.
Education Administrators, Postsecondary
Medium40.85%
Plan, direct, or coordinate student instruction, administration, and services, as well as other research and educational activities, at postsecondary institutions, including universities, colleges, and junior and community colleges.
Social and Community Service Managers
Medium36.80%
Plan, direct, or coordinate the activities of a social service program or community outreach organization. Oversee the program or organization's budget and policies regarding participant involvement, program requirements, and benefits. Work may involve directing social workers, counselors, or probation officers.
Compliance Managers
Medium47.57%
Plan, direct, or coordinate activities of an organization to ensure compliance with ethical or regulatory standards.
Labor Relations Specialists
Medium47.34%
Resolve disputes between workers and managers, negotiate collective bargaining agreements, or coordinate grievance procedures to handle employee complaints.
Management Analysts
Medium51.36%
Conduct organizational studies and evaluations, design systems and procedures, conduct work simplification and measurement studies, and prepare operations and procedures manuals to assist management in operating more efficiently and effectively. Includes program analysts and management consultants.
Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists
Medium44.74%
Conduct programs of compensation and benefits and job analysis for employer. May specialize in specific areas, such as position classification and pension programs.
Financial Examiners
Medium47.79%
Enforce or ensure compliance with laws and regulations governing financial and securities institutions and financial and real estate transactions. May examine, verify, or authenticate records.
Public Relations Specialists
Medium47.68%
Promote or create an intended public image for individuals, groups, or organizations. May write or select material for release to various communications media. May specialize in using social media.
First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services
Medium53.95%
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of entertainment and recreation related workers.
First-Line Supervisors of Non-Retail Sales Workers
Medium51.95%
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of sales workers other than retail sales workers. May perform duties such as budgeting, accounting, and personnel work, in addition to supervisory duties.
First-Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers
Medium52.67%
Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of clerical and administrative support workers.
Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants
Medium60.44%
Provide high-level administrative support by conducting research, preparing statistical reports, and handling information requests, as well as performing routine administrative functions such as preparing correspondence, receiving visitors, arranging conference calls, and scheduling meetings. May also train and supervise lower-level clerical staff.
Sales Managers
Medium40.40%
Plan, direct, or coordinate the actual distribution or movement of a product or service to the customer. Coordinate sales distribution by establishing sales territories, quotas, and goals and establish training programs for sales representatives. Analyze sales statistics gathered by staff to determine sales potential and inventory requirements and monitor the preferences of customers.
Fundraising Managers
Medium46.88%
Plan, direct, or coordinate activities to solicit and maintain funds for special projects or nonprofit organizations.
Security Managers
Medium48.21%
Direct an organization's security functions, including physical security and safety of employees and facilities.
Investment Fund Managers
Medium51.60%
Plan, direct, or coordinate investment strategy or operations for a large pool of liquid assets supplied by institutional investors or individual investors.
Compensation and Benefits Managers
Medium49.22%
Plan, direct, or coordinate compensation and benefits activities of an organization.
Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers
Medium45.64%
Plan, direct, or coordinate the selling, buying, leasing, or governance activities of commercial, industrial, or residential real estate properties. Includes managers of homeowner and condominium associations, rented or leased housing units, buildings, or land (including rights-of-way).
Funeral Home Managers
Medium40.71%
Plan, direct, or coordinate the services or resources of funeral homes. Includes activities such as determining prices for services or merchandise and managing the facilities of funeral homes.
Regulatory Affairs Managers
Medium47.41%
Plan, direct, or coordinate production activities of an organization to ensure compliance with regulations and standard operating procedures.
Equal Opportunity Representatives and Officers
Medium42.37%
Monitor and evaluate compliance with equal opportunity laws, guidelines, and policies to ensure that employment practices and contracting arrangements give equal opportunity without regard to race, religion, color, national origin, sex, age, or disability.
Fundraisers
Medium50.88%
Organize activities to raise funds or otherwise solicit and gather monetary donations or other gifts for an organization. May design and produce promotional materials. May also raise awareness of the organization's work, goals, and financial needs.
Budget Analysts
Medium53.05%
Examine budget estimates for completeness, accuracy, and conformance with procedures and regulations. Analyze budgeting and accounting reports.
Fraud Examiners, Investigators and Analysts
Medium44.97%
Obtain evidence, take statements, produce reports, and testify to findings regarding resolution of fraud allegations. May coordinate fraud detection and prevention activities.
Urban and Regional Planners
Medium50.08%
Develop comprehensive plans and programs for use of land and physical facilities of jurisdictions, such as towns, cities, counties, and metropolitan areas.
Political Scientists
Medium45.66%
Study the origin, development, and operation of political systems. May study topics, such as public opinion, political decisionmaking, and ideology. May analyze the structure and operation of governments, as well as various political entities. May conduct public opinion surveys, analyze election results, or analyze public documents.
Lawyers
Medium41.23%
Represent clients in criminal and civil litigation and other legal proceedings, draw up legal documents, or manage or advise clients on legal transactions. May specialize in a single area or may practice broadly in many areas of law.
Administrative Law Judges, Adjudicators, and Hearing Officers
Medium47.51%
Conduct hearings to recommend or make decisions on claims concerning government programs or other government-related matters. Determine liability, sanctions, or penalties, or recommend the acceptance or rejection of claims or settlements.
Arbitrators, Mediators, and Conciliators
Medium40.62%
Facilitate negotiation and conflict resolution through dialogue. Resolve conflicts outside of the court system by mutual consent of parties involved.
Media Programming Directors
Medium49.05%
Direct and coordinate activities of personnel engaged in preparation of radio or television station program schedules and programs, such as sports or news.
First-Line Supervisors of Correctional Officers
Low32.16%
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of correctional officers and jailers.
First-Line Supervisors of Police and Detectives
Medium36.93%
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of members of police force.
Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive
High71.06%
Perform routine administrative functions such as drafting correspondence, scheduling appointments, organizing and maintaining paper and electronic files, or providing information to callers.