Treasurers and Controllers
Medium49.16%
Salary Range
Low (10th %)$82,870
Median$156,100
High (90th %)$--
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Direct financial activities, such as planning, procurement, and investments for all or part of an organization.
The occupation of "Treasurers and Controllers" has an automation risk of 49.2%, closely reflecting its base risk of 50.0%. This suggests that around half of the core tasks associated with this role are susceptible to automation, while the remainder require human oversight and intervention. The moderate level of risk can be attributed to the heavy reliance on digital tools and algorithms in financial management, which efficiently handle standard, data-driven processes. However, the complexity and regulatory scrutiny involved in this occupation introduce barriers that pure technology cannot easily overcome. As a result, many daily duties still necessitate human judgment, nuanced understanding, and the ability to navigate evolving regulatory environments. The most automatable tasks in this role are those that involve the systematic evaluation and execution of financial procedures. For example, activities such as "evaluating needs for procurement of funds and investment of surpluses and making appropriate recommendations" can largely be performed by predictive analytics and AI models, which analyze historical data and forecast future financial needs. Similarly, delegating authority over funds and financial instruments is increasingly managed by workflow automation and secure digital platforms. Relationship maintenance with external financial partners, such as banks and insurers, has also become more routine through automated communication and document management systems, reducing the need for manual oversight. On the other hand, tasks that are most resistant to automation require significant levels of judgment, compliance expertise, and creative problem-solving. For instance, handling employee insurance and benefits programs—especially in the context of changing health insurance regulations—calls for a thorough understanding of both legal requirements and employee needs, making it difficult to standardize. Conducting audits to ensure statutory compliance is similarly challenging to automate, as it often involves bespoke analysis and ethical discernment. The occupation’s bottleneck skill, "originality," with a resistance level of 3.3–3.5%, highlights that creative thinking and unique solutions are vital inhibitors to full automation, further anchoring the need for human professionals in these key aspects of the role.
Filter by Automatable Status
Evaluate needs for procurement of funds and investment of surpluses and make appropriate recommendations.
Partially Automatable
Delegate authority for the receipt, disbursement, banking, protection, and custody of funds, securities, and financial instruments.
Non-Automatable
Develop and maintain relationships with banking, insurance, and external accounting personnel to facilitate financial activities.
Partially Automatable
Monitor financial activities and details, such as cash flow and reserve levels, to ensure that all legal and regulatory requirements are met.
Partially Automatable
Receive, record, and authorize requests for disbursements in accordance with company policies and procedures.
Partially Automatable
Develop internal control policies, guidelines, and procedures for activities, such as budget administration, cash and credit management, and accounting.
Partially Automatable
Coordinate and direct the financial planning, budgeting, procurement, or investment activities of all or part of an organization.
Partially Automatable
Receive cash and checks and make deposits.
Partially Automatable
Prepare or direct preparation of financial statements, business activity reports, financial position forecasts, annual budgets, or reports required by regulatory agencies.
Partially Automatable
Monitor and evaluate the performance of accounting and other financial staff, recommending and implementing personnel actions, such as promotions and dismissals.
Partially Automatable
Conduct or coordinate audits of company accounts and financial transactions to ensure compliance with state and federal requirements and statutes.
Partially Automatable
Advise management on short-term and long-term financial objectives, policies, and actions.
Partially Automatable
Maintain current knowledge of organizational policies and procedures, federal and state policies and directives, and current accounting standards.
Partially Automatable
Provide direction and assistance to other organizational units regarding accounting and budgeting policies and procedures and efficient control and utilization of financial resources.
Partially Automatable
Lead staff training and development in budgeting and financial management areas.
Partially Automatable
Prepare and file annual tax returns or prepare financial information so that outside accountants can complete tax returns.
Partially Automatable
Supervise employees performing financial reporting, accounting, billing, collections, payroll, and budgeting duties.
Partially Automatable
Perform tax planning work.
Partially Automatable
Compute, withhold, and account for all payroll deductions.
Automatable
Determine depreciation rates to apply to capitalized items and advise management on actions regarding the purchase, lease, or disposal of such items.
Partially Automatable
Analyze the financial details of past, present, and expected operations to identify development opportunities and areas where improvement is needed.
Partially Automatable
Handle all aspects of employee insurance, benefits, and casualty programs, including monitoring changes in health insurance regulations and creating budgets for benefits and worker's compensation.
Partially Automatable
Reading ComprehensionActive ListeningService OrientationComplex Problem SolvingEquipment MaintenanceQuality Control AnalysisWritingSpeakingMathematicsScienceCritical ThinkingActive LearningLearning StrategiesMonitoringSocial PerceptivenessCoordinationPersuasionNegotiationInstructingOperations AnalysisTechnology DesignEquipment SelectionInstallationProgrammingOperations MonitoringOperation and ControlTroubleshootingRepairingJudgment and Decision MakingSystems AnalysisSystems EvaluationTime ManagementManagement of Financial ResourcesManagement of Material ResourcesManagement of Personnel Resources
Arm-Hand SteadinessAuditory AttentionCategory FlexibilityControl PrecisionDeductive ReasoningDepth PerceptionDynamic FlexibilityDynamic StrengthExplosive StrengthExtent FlexibilityFar VisionFinger DexterityFlexibility of ClosureFluency of IdeasGlare SensitivityGross Body CoordinationGross Body EquilibriumHearing SensitivityInductive ReasoningInformation OrderingManual DexterityMathematical ReasoningMemorizationMultilimb CoordinationNear VisionNight VisionNumber FacilityOral ComprehensionOral ExpressionOriginalityPerceptual SpeedPeripheral VisionProblem SensitivityRate ControlReaction TimeResponse OrientationSelective AttentionSound LocalizationSpatial OrientationSpeech ClaritySpeech RecognitionSpeed of ClosureSpeed of Limb MovementStaminaStatic StrengthTime SharingTrunk StrengthVisual Color DiscriminationVisualizationWrist-Finger SpeedWritten ComprehensionWritten Expression
Production and ProcessingFood ProductionAdministration and ManagementAdministrativeEconomics and AccountingSales and MarketingPersonnel and Human ResourcesEducation and TrainingComputers and ElectronicsEngineering and TechnologyDesignBuilding and ConstructionMechanicalBiologyPsychologySociology and AnthropologyGeographyMedicine and DentistryMathematicsPhysicsChemistryFine ArtsForeign LanguageLaw and GovernmentHistory and ArcheologyPhilosophy and TheologyPublic Safety and SecurityTelecommunicationsCommunications and MediaTransportationEnglish LanguageTherapy and CounselingCustomer and Personal Service
Monitoring Processes, Materials, or SurroundingsIdentifying Objects, Actions, and EventsInspecting Equipment, Structures, or MaterialsEstimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or InformationJudging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or PeopleProcessing InformationEvaluating Information to Determine Compliance with StandardsAnalyzing Data or InformationMaking Decisions and Solving ProblemsThinking CreativelyUpdating and Using Relevant KnowledgeHandling and Moving ObjectsControlling Machines and ProcessesOperating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or EquipmentWorking with ComputersRepairing and Maintaining Electronic EquipmentDocumenting/Recording InformationDrafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and EquipmentInterpreting the Meaning of Information for OthersCommunicating with Supervisors, Peers, or SubordinatesCommunicating with People Outside the OrganizationEstablishing and Maintaining Interpersonal RelationshipsOrganizing, Planning, and Prioritizing WorkAssisting and Caring for OthersSelling or Influencing OthersRepairing and Maintaining Mechanical EquipmentResolving Conflicts and Negotiating with OthersPerforming for or Working Directly with the PublicCoordinating the Work and Activities of OthersDeveloping and Building TeamsTraining and Teaching OthersGuiding, Directing, and Motivating SubordinatesCoaching and Developing OthersProviding Consultation and Advice to OthersPerforming Administrative ActivitiesStaffing Organizational UnitsMonitoring and Controlling ResourcesPerforming General Physical ActivitiesScheduling Work and ActivitiesDeveloping Objectives and StrategiesGetting Information
ADP softwareAutomatic Data Processing PC payroll for windows PCPWCorel QuattroProExact Software Macola ESHyperion EnterpriseMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft FRxMicrosoft Office softwareMicrosoft OutlookMicrosoft PowerPointMicrosoft ProjectMicrosoft WordOracle PeopleSoftSage 50 AccountingSAP softwareMicrosoft AccessOracle HyperionStructured query language SQLOracle JD Edwards EnterpriseOneOracle PeopleSoft FinancialsSAP Business ObjectsSAP Crystal ReportsTax softwareYardi softwareOracle Fusion ApplicationsMicrosoft SharePoint ServerOracle Primavera Enterprise Project Portfolio ManagementIBM Lotus 1-2-3Job costing softwareMicrosoft Dynamics SLMicrosoft Dynamics GPOracle Hyperion PlanningSage Fixed Asset Solution FASSage MIP Fund AccountingNetSuite ERPMicrosoft DynamicsMicrosoft Dynamics GPMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft FRxMicrosoft Office softwareMicrosoft OutlookMicrosoft PowerPointMicrosoft ProjectMicrosoft WordOracle PeopleSoftSage 50 AccountingSAP softwareADP Workforce NowIBM Cognos ImpromptuMicrosoft AccessStructured query language SQLNetSuite ERPOracle E-Business Suite FinancialsOracle HyperionOracle JD Edwards EnterpriseOneSAP Business ObjectsTax softwareFileMaker ProOracle Fusion ApplicationsMicrosoft SharePoint ServerAccounting softwareFund accounting softwareADP softwareCorel QuattroProExact Software Macola ESHyperion EnterpriseOracle Primavera Enterprise Project Portfolio ManagementIBM Lotus 1-2-3Job costing softwareMicrosoft Dynamics SLOracle Hyperion PlanningSage Fixed Asset Solution FASSage MIP Fund AccountingHyperion Solutions System 9 PlanningBlackbaud The Raiser's EdgeBlackbaud The Raiser's EdgeOracle Business Intelligence Enterprise EditionIntuit QuickBooksAutomatic Data Processing PC payroll for windows PCPWADP Workforce NowFileMaker ProOracle Business Intelligence Enterprise EditionOracle E-Business Suite FinancialsSAP Crystal ReportsYardi softwareHypertext markup language HTMLHypertext markup language HTMLAccounting softwareInfor ERP SyteLineInfor ERP SyteLineHyperion Solutions System 9 PlanningADERANT Expert Back Office, Powered by KeystoneADERANT Expert Back Office, Powered by KeystoneDeltek professional services softwareDeltek professional services softwareMYOB Premier Accounting Small Business SuiteMYOB Premier Accounting Small Business SuiteFund accounting softwareMicrosoft DynamicsIBM Cognos ImpromptuOracle PeopleSoft FinancialsIntuit QuickBooks
Chief Executives
Medium38.73%
Determine and formulate policies and provide overall direction of companies or private and public sector organizations within guidelines set up by a board of directors or similar governing body. Plan, direct, or coordinate operational activities at the highest level of management with the help of subordinate executives and staff managers.
General and Operations Managers
Medium47.73%
Plan, direct, or coordinate the operations of public or private sector organizations, overseeing multiple departments or locations. Duties and responsibilities include formulating policies, managing daily operations, and planning the use of materials and human resources, but are too diverse and general in nature to be classified in any one functional area of management or administration, such as personnel, purchasing, or administrative services. Usually manage through subordinate supervisors. Excludes First-Line Supervisors.
Administrative Services Managers
Medium45.13%
Plan, direct, or coordinate one or more administrative services of an organization, such as records and information management, mail distribution, and other office support services.
Financial Managers
Medium52.15%
Plan, direct, or coordinate accounting, investing, banking, insurance, securities, and other financial activities of a branch, office, or department of an establishment.
Investment Fund Managers
Medium51.60%
Plan, direct, or coordinate investment strategy or operations for a large pool of liquid assets supplied by institutional investors or individual investors.
Compensation and Benefits Managers
Medium49.22%
Plan, direct, or coordinate compensation and benefits activities of an organization.
Project Management Specialists
Medium52.50%
Analyze and coordinate the schedule, timeline, procurement, staffing, and budget of a product or service on a per project basis. Lead and guide the work of technical staff. May serve as a point of contact for the client or customer.
Management Analysts
Medium51.36%
Conduct organizational studies and evaluations, design systems and procedures, conduct work simplification and measurement studies, and prepare operations and procedures manuals to assist management in operating more efficiently and effectively. Includes program analysts and management consultants.
Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists
Medium44.74%
Conduct programs of compensation and benefits and job analysis for employer. May specialize in specific areas, such as position classification and pension programs.
Accountants and Auditors
Medium50.98%
Examine, analyze, and interpret accounting records to prepare financial statements, give advice, or audit and evaluate statements prepared by others. Install or advise on systems of recording costs or other financial and budgetary data.
Budget Analysts
Medium53.05%
Examine budget estimates for completeness, accuracy, and conformance with procedures and regulations. Analyze budgeting and accounting reports.
Credit Analysts
Medium60.56%
Analyze credit data and financial statements of individuals or firms to determine the degree of risk involved in extending credit or lending money. Prepare reports with credit information for use in decisionmaking.
Financial and Investment Analysts
Medium50.96%
Conduct quantitative analyses of information involving investment programs or financial data of public or private institutions, including valuation of businesses.
Personal Financial Advisors
Medium51.60%
Advise clients on financial plans using knowledge of tax and investment strategies, securities, insurance, pension plans, and real estate. Duties include assessing clients' assets, liabilities, cash flow, insurance coverage, tax status, and financial objectives. May also buy and sell financial assets for clients.
Financial Examiners
Medium47.79%
Enforce or ensure compliance with laws and regulations governing financial and securities institutions and financial and real estate transactions. May examine, verify, or authenticate records.
First-Line Supervisors of Non-Retail Sales Workers
Medium51.95%
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of sales workers other than retail sales workers. May perform duties such as budgeting, accounting, and personnel work, in addition to supervisory duties.
First-Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers
Medium52.67%
Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of clerical and administrative support workers.
Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks
High84.94%
Compute, classify, and record numerical data to keep financial records complete. Perform any combination of routine calculating, posting, and verifying duties to obtain primary financial data for use in maintaining accounting records. May also check the accuracy of figures, calculations, and postings pertaining to business transactions recorded by other workers.
Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks
High77.74%
Compile and record employee time and payroll data. May compute employees' time worked, production, and commission. May compute and post wages and deductions, or prepare paychecks.
Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants
Medium60.44%
Provide high-level administrative support by conducting research, preparing statistical reports, and handling information requests, as well as performing routine administrative functions such as preparing correspondence, receiving visitors, arranging conference calls, and scheduling meetings. May also train and supervise lower-level clerical staff.
Legislators
Medium39.17%
Develop, introduce, or enact laws and statutes at the local, tribal, state, or federal level. Includes only workers in elected positions.
Fundraising Managers
Medium46.88%
Plan, direct, or coordinate activities to solicit and maintain funds for special projects or nonprofit organizations.