Web Developers
Medium61.87%
Salary Range
Low (10th %)$46,850
Median$84,960
High (90th %)$157,280
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Develop and implement websites, web applications, application databases, and interactive web interfaces. Evaluate code to ensure that it is properly structured, meets industry standards, and is compatible with browsers and devices. Optimize website performance, scalability, and server-side code and processes. May develop website infrastructure and integrate websites with other computer applications.
The occupation "Web Developers" faces an automation risk of 61.9%, which is closely aligned with its base risk estimate of 62.9%. This risk level reflects the significant portion of the role that involves highly automatable and repeatable tasks. For instance, writing supporting code for web applications or sites is increasingly handled by AI-driven code generation tools, which can efficiently produce boilerplate code and perform syntax corrections. Similarly, the design, building, or maintenance of websites—especially using frameworks and CMS platforms—can be automated through low-code or no-code solutions. Additionally, routine tasks such as backing up files from websites for immediate recovery in the event of problems are already automated through scheduled processes and cloud-based backup services, reducing the need for manual intervention. Despite these vulnerabilities to automation, "Web Developers" also perform several duties that remain relatively resistant to full automation due to their complexity and the requirement for human judgment. For example, incorporating technical considerations into website design plans—including budgets, equipment, performance requirements, and key legal issues like accessibility and privacy—involves multifaceted decision-making that currently surpasses the capabilities of automated systems. Moreover, designing and implementing robust web security measures, such as firewalls and encryption, requires deep contextual awareness and anticipation of security threats, areas where machines still rely on expert human oversight. Developing system interaction or sequence diagrams is another function that benefits greatly from creative and systematic thinking, as it demands the translation of abstract processes into actionable plans. The overall automation risk for web developers is significantly constrained by the necessity for originality in performing critical aspects of their roles. Bottleneck skills, such as originality—measured at around 3.1% to 3.6% importance—indicate that while much of the technical work can be automated, the creative and problem-solving elements remain more resistant. Tasks that require inventiveness, adaptation, and holistic oversight cannot be easily codified into algorithms, serving as a protective barrier against complete automation. As technology evolves, web developers will need to increasingly focus on these creative competencies to maintain their relevance and add value in ways that machines cannot replicate. Therefore, the future of web development will balance efficiency gains from automation with a sustained demand for uniquely human skills.
Filter by Automatable Status
Write supporting code for Web applications or Web sites.
Partially Automatable
Back up files from Web sites to local directories for instant recovery in case of problems.
Automatable
Select programming languages, design tools, or applications.
Partially Automatable
Evaluate code to ensure that it is valid, is properly structured, meets industry standards, and is compatible with browsers, devices, or operating systems.
Partially Automatable
Develop databases that support Web applications and Web sites.
Partially Automatable
Perform Web site tests according to planned schedules, or after any Web site or product revision.
Automatable
Perform or direct Web site updates.
Partially Automatable
Analyze user needs to determine technical requirements.
Partially Automatable
Respond to user email inquiries, or set up automated systems to send responses.
Partially Automatable
Renew domain name registrations.
Automatable
Confer with management or development teams to prioritize needs, resolve conflicts, develop content criteria, or choose solutions.
Partially Automatable
Communicate with network personnel or Web site hosting agencies to address hardware or software issues affecting Web sites.
Partially Automatable
Collaborate with management or users to develop e-commerce strategies and to integrate these strategies with Web sites.
Partially Automatable
Document test plans, testing procedures, or test results.
Partially Automatable
Establish appropriate server directory trees.
Partially Automatable
Recommend and implement performance improvements.
Partially Automatable
Develop or implement procedures for ongoing Web site revision.
Partially Automatable
Evaluate or recommend server hardware or software.
Partially Automatable
Monitor security system performance logs to identify problems and notify security specialists when problems occur.
Automatable
Install and configure hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) servers and associated operating systems.
Partially Automatable
Research, document, rate, or select alternatives for Web architecture or technologies.
Partially Automatable
Develop system interaction or sequence diagrams.
Partially Automatable
Design and implement Web site security measures, such as firewalls and message encryption.
Partially Automatable
Incorporate technical considerations into Web site design plans, such as budgets, equipment, performance requirements, and legal issues including accessibility and privacy.
Partially Automatable
Design, build, or maintain Web sites, using authoring or scripting languages, content creation tools, management tools, and digital media.
Partially Automatable
Maintain understanding of current Web technologies or programming practices through continuing education, reading, or participation in professional conferences, workshops, or groups.
Partially Automatable
Document technical factors such as server load, bandwidth, database performance, and browser and device types.
Automatable
Create Web models or prototypes that include physical, interface, logical, or data models.
Partially Automatable
Provide clear, detailed descriptions of Web site specifications, such as product features, activities, software, communication protocols, programming languages, and operating systems software and hardware.
Automatable
Reading ComprehensionActive ListeningScienceCritical ThinkingComplex Problem SolvingOperations MonitoringEquipment MaintenanceJudgment and Decision MakingManagement of Material ResourcesWritingSpeakingMathematicsActive LearningLearning StrategiesMonitoringSocial PerceptivenessCoordinationPersuasionNegotiationInstructingService OrientationOperations AnalysisTechnology DesignEquipment SelectionInstallationProgrammingOperation and ControlTroubleshootingRepairingQuality Control AnalysisSystems AnalysisSystems EvaluationTime ManagementManagement of Financial ResourcesManagement of Personnel Resources
Arm-Hand SteadinessAuditory AttentionCategory FlexibilityControl PrecisionDeductive ReasoningDepth PerceptionDynamic FlexibilityDynamic StrengthExplosive StrengthExtent FlexibilityFar VisionFinger DexterityFlexibility of ClosureFluency of IdeasGlare SensitivityGross Body CoordinationGross Body EquilibriumHearing SensitivityInductive ReasoningInformation OrderingManual DexterityMathematical ReasoningMemorizationMultilimb CoordinationNear VisionNight VisionNumber FacilityOral ComprehensionOral ExpressionOriginalityPerceptual SpeedPeripheral VisionProblem SensitivityRate ControlReaction TimeResponse OrientationSelective AttentionSound LocalizationSpatial OrientationSpeech ClaritySpeech RecognitionSpeed of ClosureSpeed of Limb MovementStaminaStatic StrengthTime SharingTrunk StrengthVisual Color DiscriminationVisualizationWrist-Finger SpeedWritten ComprehensionWritten Expression
Administration and ManagementAdministrativeEconomics and AccountingSales and MarketingCustomer and Personal ServicePersonnel and Human ResourcesProduction and ProcessingFood ProductionComputers and ElectronicsEngineering and TechnologyDesignBuilding and ConstructionMechanicalMathematicsPhysicsChemistryPsychologyForeign LanguageMedicine and DentistryHistory and ArcheologyFine ArtsPhilosophy and TheologyPublic Safety and SecurityLaw and GovernmentTelecommunicationsCommunications and MediaTransportationGeographyEnglish LanguageEducation and TrainingSociology and AnthropologyTherapy and CounselingBiology
Monitoring Processes, Materials, or SurroundingsGetting InformationIdentifying Objects, Actions, and EventsInspecting Equipment, Structures, or MaterialsEstimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or InformationJudging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or PeopleProcessing InformationEvaluating Information to Determine Compliance with StandardsAnalyzing Data or InformationMaking Decisions and Solving ProblemsThinking CreativelyUpdating and Using Relevant KnowledgeHandling and Moving ObjectsControlling Machines and ProcessesOperating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or EquipmentWorking with ComputersRepairing and Maintaining Electronic EquipmentDocumenting/Recording InformationDrafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and EquipmentInterpreting the Meaning of Information for OthersCommunicating with Supervisors, Peers, or SubordinatesCommunicating with People Outside the OrganizationEstablishing and Maintaining Interpersonal RelationshipsAssisting and Caring for OthersSelling or Influencing OthersRepairing and Maintaining Mechanical EquipmentOrganizing, Planning, and Prioritizing WorkResolving Conflicts and Negotiating with OthersPerforming for or Working Directly with the PublicCoordinating the Work and Activities of OthersDeveloping and Building TeamsTraining and Teaching OthersGuiding, Directing, and Motivating SubordinatesCoaching and Developing OthersProviding Consultation and Advice to OthersPerforming Administrative ActivitiesStaffing Organizational UnitsMonitoring and Controlling ResourcesDeveloping Objectives and StrategiesScheduling Work and ActivitiesPerforming General Physical Activities
Marketo Marketing AutomationAdobe PhotoshopFacebookAirtableApache HadoopApple macOSAtlassian ConfluenceBlackboard softwareDropboxEvernoteFlipgridJob control language JCLGoogle AdsGoogle AnalyticsGoogle DocsGoogle DriveIBM Cognos ImpromptuIBM DominoIBM NotesIBM Power Systems softwareCisco WebexDelphi TechnologyHubSpot softwareAdobe After EffectsAdobe IllustratorAdobe InDesignDrupalJavaScriptAmazon RedshiftApache HiveApache SolrCElasticsearchFigmaFileMaker ProAdobe ActionScriptGitHubGoogle MeetJamBoardKapwingEclipse IDEGoogle SitesApache CassandraApache HTTP ServerAtlassian JIRAApache MavenApache TomcatBackbone.jsC#C++Enterprise JavaBeansHewlett Packard HP-UXIBM WebSphereHewlett Packard LoadRunnerApache KafkaAmazon DynamoDBAnsible softwareBashChefEpic SystemsDjangoDockerGitGoJavaScript Object Notation JSONJupyter NotebookApache GroovyBlinkGoogle Angular3M Post-it AppDynamic hypertext markup language DHTMLAtlassian BambooAJAXApache AntApache StrutsExt JSjQueryJUnitAmazon Web Services AWS CloudFormationIBM Rational Rose XDEApache Subversion SVNIBM InformixAmazon KinesisExtensible stylesheet language XSLAtlassian BitbucketBootstrapGraphQLJavaScript framework softwareJenkins CIApple CocoaAtlassian HipChatFlexBoxHashiCorp VagrantInVision softwareJekyllJetBrains PhpStormMicrosoft ProjectMicrosoft PublisherMicrosoft SharePointPHPLinkedInSAP softwareSmugMug FlickrSalesforce softwareTableauStructured query language SQLMicrosoft SQL ServerMicrosoft VisioMicrosoft WindowsNagiosNetSuite ERPOracle DatabaseOracle EloquaOracle JD Edwards EnterpriseOneOracle SolarisPostgreSQLPuppetQuest Erwin Data ModelerRSAP Business ObjectsSASScreencastifySlackSplunk EnterpriseTeradata DatabaseThe MathWorks MATLABYouTubeLAMP StackMicrosoft Azure softwareMySQLNoSQLOracle JavaServer Pages JSPOracle PL/SQLPythonRubySwiftOracle Business Intelligence Enterprise EditionKornShellLinuxMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft .NET FrameworkMicrosoft Visual StudioMicrosoft Windows ServerMongoDBNode.jsObjective COracle JavaOracle WebLogic ServerPerlShell scriptRed Hat WildFlySpring FrameworkUNIXSeleniumMoodlePerforce Helix softwareReactScalaUbuntuWiresharkMicrosoft PowerShellTransact-SQLSkypeKubernetesScreencast-O-MaticMicrosoft Active Server Pages ASPMicrosoft ActiveXMicrosoft ASP.NETOracle JDBCMicrosoft Visual Basic.NETMicrosoft Visual C# .NETSalesforce VisualforceSpring BootUNIX ShellRed Hat OpenShiftRedisRESTful APITypeScriptVue.jsWeb application softwareMarkLogicMeteorJSMicrosoft Commerce ServerMicrosoft Visual InterDevNunjucksRequireJSSitecore CMSTravisWeb content management system CMS softwarewebpackZend FrameworkMicrosoft Visual Basic for Applications VBAMicrosoft Visual Basic for Applications VBANortonLifeLock cybersecurity softwareSAP Business ObjectsAmazon Web Services AWS softwareAdobe PhotoshopFacebookAirtableApache HadoopApple macOSAtlassian ConfluenceDropboxFlipgridGoogle AdsGoogle AnalyticsGoogle DocsGoogle DriveGoogle SlidesIBM Cognos ImpromptuIBM DominoIBM NotesCisco WebexAmazon Web Services AWS softwareApple KeynoteDelphi TechnologyAdobe After EffectsAdobe DreamweaverAdobe InDesignDrupalAmazon RedshiftApache HiveApache PigApache SolrCElasticsearchFigmaFileMaker ProAdobe ActionScriptGitHubGoogle MeetEclipse IDEGoogle SitesApache CassandraAdobe FlexApache HTTP ServerApache MavenApache TomcatBackbone.jsC#C++Enterprise JavaBeansHewlett Packard HP-UXApache KafkaAmazon DynamoDBAnsible softwareBashChefEpic SystemsDockerGitGoApache GroovyBlinkESRI ArcGIS softwareAtlassian BambooGoogle AngularGoogle Android3M Post-it AppDynamic hypertext markup language DHTMLAJAXApache SparkApache StrutsExt JSHibernate ORMAmazon Web Services AWS CloudFormationIBM InformixAmazon KinesisExtensible stylesheet language XSLAtlassian BitbucketBootstrapExtensible stylesheet language transformations XSLTGoogle Cloud softwareGraphQLApple CocoaAtlassian HipChatFlexBoxCommon gateway interface CGIMicrosoft SharePointPHPSAP softwareSmugMug FlickrSalesforce softwareTableauStructured query language SQLIBM SPSS StatisticsJob control language JCLLinkedInMicrosoft SQL ServerMicrosoft VisioMicrosoft Visual BasicMicrosoft WindowsMicroStrategyNagiosNetSuite ERPOracle DatabaseOracle EloquaOracle JD Edwards EnterpriseOneOracle SolarisPostgreSQLPuppetQuest Erwin Data ModelerRSAP Crystal ReportsSASScreencastifySlackSplunk EnterpriseTeradata DatabaseJamBoardKapwingLAMP StackMySQLNoSQLOracle JavaServer Pages JSPOracle PL/SQLPythonRubySwiftOracle Business Intelligence Enterprise EditionIBM WebSphereKornShellLinuxMicrosoft ProjectMicroservices ArchitectureMicrosoft .NET FrameworkMicrosoft Visual StudioMongoDBNode.jsObjective COracle Fusion MiddlewareOracle JavaPerlShell scriptRed Hat WildFlySpring FrameworkSeleniumMoodlePerforce Helix softwareReactScalaMicrosoft SQL Server Reporting Services SSRSMicrosoft PowerShellSkypeKubernetesScreencast-O-MaticjQueryJUnitMicrosoft ActiveXMicrosoft ASP.NETOracle JDBCMicrosoft Visual Basic.NETMicrosoft Visual C# .NETSalesforce VisualforceSpring BootRed Hat OpenShiftJavaScript framework softwareJenkins CIRedisRESTful APIMicrosoft Internet Information Services (IIS)InVision softwareJekyllJetBrains PhpStormMarkLogicMicrosoft Commerce ServerNunjucksRequireJSSitecore CMSPhantomJSThe MathWorks MATLABYouTubeUnified modeling language UMLUNIXUbuntuWiresharkTransact-SQLUNIX ShellTypeScriptWeb application softwareTraviswebpackZend FrameworkJavaScriptCascading style sheets CSSAtlassian JIRAMicrosoft Azure softwareHypertext markup language HTMLMicrosoft Visual Basic Scripting Edition VBScriptMicrosoft Visual Basic Scripting Edition VBScriptExtensible markup language XMLOracle Fusion MiddlewareOracle WebLogic ServerRed Hat Enterprise LinuxRed Hat Enterprise LinuxHewlett Packard LoadRunnerTrimble SketchUp ProAmazon Elastic Compute Cloud EC2Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud EC2Geographic information system GIS softwareGeographic information system GIS softwareJavaScript Object Notation JSONMicrosoft SQL Server Integration Services SSISMicrosoft SQL Server Reporting Services SSRSAdvanced business application programming ABAPAdvanced business application programming ABAPMicrosoft Active Server Pages ASPMicrosoft PublisherCommon business oriented language COBOLCommon business oriented language COBOLMicrosoft ASP.NET Core MVCApache Subversion SVNAmazon Simple Storage Service S3Amazon Simple Storage Service S3Integrated development environment IDE softwareIntegrated development environment IDE softwareMicrosoft Internet Information Services (IIS)Relational database management softwareRelational database management softwareAdobe Creative Cloud softwareApple KeynoteEvernoteAdobe AcrobatHubSpot softwareGoogle SlidesAdobe AcrobatIBM InfoSphere DataStageIBM SPSS StatisticsMicrosoft Visual BasicMicroStrategyOracle Fusion ApplicationsOracle Fusion ApplicationsQlik Tech QlikViewQlik Tech QlikViewSAP Crystal ReportsSocial media sitesAdobe DreamweaverHypertext markup language HTMLWordPressWordPressApache PigCascading style sheets CSSExtensible hypertext markup language XHTMLJupyter NotebookRuby on RailsRuby on RailsAdobe FlexMicroservices ArchitectureMicrosoft Windows ServerUnified modeling language UMLVue.jsTrimble SketchUp ProDjangoESRI ArcGIS softwareMicrosoft SQL Server Integration Services SSISGoogle AndroidApache AntApache SparkHibernate ORMMicrosoft ASP.NET Core MVCIBM Rational Rose XDEOracle Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition J2EEOracle Java 2 Platform Enterprise Edition J2EEExtensible stylesheet language transformations XSLTGoogle Cloud softwareMicrosoft Visual SourceSafeMicrosoft Visual SourceSafeHashiCorp VagrantMeteorJSMicrosoft Visual InterDevWeb content management system CMS softwareCommon gateway interface CGIPhantomJSSyntactically awesome style sheets SASSSyntactically awesome style sheets SASSMicrosoft DynamicsApple Final Cut ProBlackboard softwareIBM InfoSphere DataStageMicrosoft AccessIBM Power Systems softwareMarketo Marketing AutomationNortonLifeLock cybersecurity softwareSocial media sitesAdobe IllustratorExtensible hypertext markup language XHTMLExtensible markup language XMLMicrosoft DynamicsMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft Office softwareMicrosoft Office softwareAdobe Creative Cloud softwareApple Final Cut ProCustomer information control system CICSCustomer information control system CICSMicrosoft Access
Search Marketing Strategists
Medium53.88%
Employ search marketing tactics to increase visibility and engagement with content, products, or services in Internet-enabled devices or interfaces. Examine search query behaviors on general or specialty search engines or other Internet-based content. Analyze research, data, or technology to understand user intent and measure outcomes for ongoing optimization.
Computer Systems Analysts
Medium48.05%
Analyze science, engineering, business, and other data processing problems to develop and implement solutions to complex applications problems, system administration issues, or network concerns. Perform systems management and integration functions, improve existing computer systems, and review computer system capabilities, workflow, and schedule limitations. May analyze or recommend commercially available software.
Computer Network Support Specialists
Medium55.92%
Analyze, test, troubleshoot, and evaluate existing network systems, such as local area networks (LAN), wide area networks (WAN), cloud networks, servers, and other data communications networks. Perform network maintenance to ensure networks operate correctly with minimal interruption.
Computer User Support Specialists
Medium55.42%
Provide technical assistance to computer users. Answer questions or resolve computer problems for clients in person, via telephone, or electronically. May provide assistance concerning the use of computer hardware and software, including printing, installation, word processing, electronic mail, and operating systems.
Computer Network Architects
Medium50.66%
Design and implement computer and information networks, such as local area networks (LAN), wide area networks (WAN), intranets, extranets, and other data communications networks. Perform network modeling, analysis, and planning, including analysis of capacity needs for network infrastructures. May also design network and computer security measures. May research and recommend network and data communications hardware and software.
Database Administrators
Medium50.55%
Administer, test, and implement computer databases, applying knowledge of database management systems. Coordinate changes to computer databases. Identify, investigate, and resolve database performance issues, database capacity, and database scalability. May plan, coordinate, and implement security measures to safeguard computer databases.
Database Architects
Medium50.12%
Design strategies for enterprise databases, data warehouse systems, and multidimensional networks. Set standards for database operations, programming, query processes, and security. Model, design, and construct large relational databases or data warehouses. Create and optimize data models for warehouse infrastructure and workflow. Integrate new systems with existing warehouse structure and refine system performance and functionality.
Data Warehousing Specialists
Medium49.22%
Design, model, or implement corporate data warehousing activities. Program and configure warehouses of database information and provide support to warehouse users.
Network and Computer Systems Administrators
Medium57.76%
Install, configure, and maintain an organization's local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), data communications network, operating systems, and physical and virtual servers. Perform system monitoring and verify the integrity and availability of hardware, network, and server resources and systems. Review system and application logs and verify completion of scheduled jobs, including system backups. Analyze network and server resource consumption and control user access. Install and upgrade software and maintain software licenses. May assist in network modeling, analysis, planning, and coordination between network and data communications hardware and software.
Computer Programmers
Medium53.56%
Create, modify, and test the code and scripts that allow computer applications to run. Work from specifications drawn up by software and web developers or other individuals. May develop and write computer programs to store, locate, and retrieve specific documents, data, and information.
Software Developers
Medium51.32%
Research, design, and develop computer and network software or specialized utility programs. Analyze user needs and develop software solutions, applying principles and techniques of computer science, engineering, and mathematical analysis. Update software or enhance existing software capabilities. May work with computer hardware engineers to integrate hardware and software systems, and develop specifications and performance requirements. May maintain databases within an application area, working individually or coordinating database development as part of a team.
Software Quality Assurance Analysts and Testers
Medium51.71%
Develop and execute software tests to identify software problems and their causes. Test system modifications to prepare for implementation. Document software and application defects using a bug tracking system and report defects to software or web developers. Create and maintain databases of known defects. May participate in software design reviews to provide input on functional requirements, operational characteristics, product designs, and schedules.
Web and Digital Interface Designers
Medium60.00%
Design digital user interfaces or websites. Develop and test layouts, interfaces, functionality, and navigation menus to ensure compatibility and usability across browsers or devices. May use web framework applications as well as client-side code and processes. May evaluate web design following web and accessibility standards, and may analyze web use metrics and optimize websites for marketability and search engine ranking. May design and test interfaces that facilitate the human-computer interaction and maximize the usability of digital devices, websites, and software with a focus on aesthetics and design. May create graphics used in websites and manage website content and links.
Web Administrators
Medium53.44%
Manage web environment design, deployment, development and maintenance activities. Perform testing and quality assurance of web sites and web applications.
Document Management Specialists
Medium56.74%
Implement and administer enterprise-wide document management systems and related procedures that allow organizations to capture, store, retrieve, share, and destroy electronic records and documents.
Information Security Engineers
Medium52.50%
Develop and oversee the implementation of information security procedures and policies. Build, maintain and upgrade security technology, such as firewalls, for the safe use of computer networks and the transmission and retrieval of information. Design and implement appropriate security controls to identify vulnerabilities and protect digital files and electronic infrastructures. Monitor and respond to computer security breaches, viruses, and intrusions, and perform forensic investigation. May oversee the assessment of information security systems.
Blockchain Engineers
Medium51.47%
Maintain and support distributed and decentralized blockchain-based networks or block-chain applications such as cryptocurrency exchange, payment processing, document sharing, and digital voting. Design and deploy secure block-chain design patterns and solutions over geographically distributed networks using advanced technologies. May assist with infrastructure setup and testing for application transparency and security.
Computer Systems Engineers/Architects
Medium50.80%
Design and develop solutions to complex applications problems, system administration issues, or network concerns. Perform systems management and integration functions.
Computer Hardware Engineers
Medium46.34%
Research, design, develop, or test computer or computer-related equipment for commercial, industrial, military, or scientific use. May supervise the manufacturing and installation of computer or computer-related equipment and components.
Desktop Publishers
Medium65.37%
Format typescript and graphic elements using computer software to produce publication-ready material.
Video Game Designers
Medium46.94%
Design core features of video games. Specify innovative game and role-play mechanics, story lines, and character biographies. Create and maintain design documentation. Guide and collaborate with production staff to produce games as designed.
Graphic Designers
Medium56.74%
Design or create graphics to meet specific commercial or promotional needs, such as packaging, displays, or logos. May use a variety of mediums to achieve artistic or decorative effects.