Stonemasons
Low4.35%
Salary Range
Low (10th %)$36,530
Median$51,830
High (90th %)$80,850
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Build stone structures, such as piers, walls, and abutments. Lay walks, curbstones, or special types of masonry for vats, tanks, and floors.
The occupation of stonemason has a base automation risk of just 4.4%, reflecting the inherently manual and artisanal nature of the field. Stonemasonry frequently involves highly specialized skills, many of which require an acute sense of touch, spatial awareness, and artisanal judgment that are difficult for machines to replicate. While automation and robotics can support some aspects of construction and repetitive assembly, the unique challenges posed by variable natural materials and custom designs mean most tasks must be performed by skilled human workers. As such, the craft of stonemasonry is considered among the least automatable occupations, with only a small portion of its core tasks at significant risk of automation in the near future. Examining the top three most automatable tasks provides some insight into where automation may creep into the stonemason’s workflow. Activities such as laying out wall patterns or foundations with tools like straight edges and staked lines, shaping or cutting stone using power or hand tools, and setting alignment via plumb bob or gauge line are comparatively routine and measurable in their physical execution. These specific tasks, relying on standard measurement and repetition, can be accomplished by specialized machinery or guided robotics with appropriate programming. Such automation can boost productivity in very particular contexts, especially for large construction sites where precision and uniformity are prioritized. However, stonemasonry features several core tasks that are deeply resistant to automation, primarily due to their demand for in-the-moment problem-solving and adaptability. For instance, lining mold interiors with treated paper and carefully filling them with stone mixtures, positioning molds along meticulously determined guidelines, or digging foundational trenches with hand tools all rely on tactile feedback, improvisation, and adaptability to unique onsite conditions. These skills, especially those rated highly for originality (such as 2.8% for this occupation), represent significant bottlenecks for automation. Machines lag far behind humans in improvising within messy, variable environments—especially those involved in bespoke restoration, artistic, or irregular stonework, which is a hallmark of the stonemason’s craft.
Filter by Automatable Status
Lay out wall patterns or foundations, using straight edge, rule, or staked lines.
Non-Automatable
Shape, trim, face and cut marble or stone preparatory to setting, using power saws, cutting equipment, and hand tools.
Partially Automatable
Set vertical and horizontal alignment of structures, using plumb bob, gauge line, and level.
Non-Automatable
Mix mortar or grout and pour or spread mortar or grout on marble slabs, stone, or foundation.
Non-Automatable
Set stone or marble in place, according to layout or pattern.
Non-Automatable
Clean excess mortar or grout from surface of marble, stone, or monument, using sponge, brush, water, or acid.
Non-Automatable
Lay brick to build shells of chimneys and smokestacks or to line or reline industrial furnaces, kilns, boilers and similar installations.
Non-Automatable
Replace broken or missing masonry units in walls or floors.
Non-Automatable
Smooth, polish, and bevel surfaces, using hand tools and power tools.
Non-Automatable
Drill holes in marble or ornamental stone and anchor brackets in holes.
Non-Automatable
Remove sections of monument from truck bed, and guide stone onto foundation, using skids, hoist, or truck crane.
Non-Automatable
Construct and install prefabricated masonry units.
Non-Automatable
Dig trench for foundation of monument, using pick and shovel.
Non-Automatable
Position mold along guidelines of wall, press mold in place, and remove mold and paper from wall.
Non-Automatable
Line interiors of molds with treated paper and fill molds with composition-stone mixture.
Non-Automatable
Remove wedges, fill joints between stones, finish joints between stones, using a trowel, and smooth the mortar to an attractive finish, using a tuck pointer.
Non-Automatable
Repair cracked or chipped areas of stone or marble, using blowtorch and mastic, and remove rough or defective spots from concrete, using power grinder or chisel and hammer.
Non-Automatable
Reading ComprehensionActive ListeningCritical ThinkingNegotiationComplex Problem SolvingOperations MonitoringEquipment MaintenanceSystems AnalysisManagement of Material ResourcesWritingSpeakingMathematicsScienceActive LearningLearning StrategiesMonitoringSocial PerceptivenessCoordinationPersuasionInstructingService OrientationOperations AnalysisTechnology DesignEquipment SelectionInstallationProgrammingOperation and ControlTroubleshootingRepairingQuality Control AnalysisJudgment and Decision MakingSystems EvaluationTime ManagementManagement of Financial ResourcesManagement of Personnel Resources
Arm-Hand SteadinessAuditory AttentionCategory FlexibilityControl PrecisionDeductive ReasoningDepth PerceptionDynamic FlexibilityDynamic StrengthExplosive StrengthExtent FlexibilityFar VisionFinger DexterityFlexibility of ClosureFluency of IdeasGlare SensitivityGross Body CoordinationGross Body EquilibriumHearing SensitivityInductive ReasoningInformation OrderingManual DexterityMathematical ReasoningMemorizationMultilimb CoordinationNear VisionNight VisionNumber FacilityOral ComprehensionOral ExpressionOriginalityPerceptual SpeedPeripheral VisionProblem SensitivityRate ControlReaction TimeResponse OrientationSelective AttentionSound LocalizationSpatial OrientationSpeech ClaritySpeech RecognitionSpeed of ClosureSpeed of Limb MovementStaminaStatic StrengthTime SharingTrunk StrengthVisual Color DiscriminationVisualizationWrist-Finger SpeedWritten ComprehensionWritten Expression
Administration and ManagementAdministrativeEconomics and AccountingSales and MarketingCustomer and Personal ServicePersonnel and Human ResourcesProduction and ProcessingFood ProductionComputers and ElectronicsForeign LanguageEngineering and TechnologyDesignBuilding and ConstructionMechanicalMathematicsPhysicsChemistryBiologyPsychologySociology and AnthropologyGeographyMedicine and DentistryEnglish LanguageEducation and TrainingPhilosophy and TheologyPublic Safety and SecurityLaw and GovernmentTelecommunicationsCommunications and MediaTransportationFine ArtsTherapy and CounselingHistory and Archeology
Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or MaterialsMonitoring Processes, Materials, or SurroundingsEstimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or InformationGetting InformationIdentifying Objects, Actions, and EventsJudging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or PeopleProcessing InformationEvaluating Information to Determine Compliance with StandardsAnalyzing Data or InformationMaking Decisions and Solving ProblemsThinking CreativelyUpdating and Using Relevant KnowledgeDeveloping Objectives and StrategiesScheduling Work and ActivitiesOrganizing, Planning, and Prioritizing WorkOperating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or EquipmentWorking with ComputersRepairing and Maintaining Electronic EquipmentDocumenting/Recording InformationDrafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and EquipmentInterpreting the Meaning of Information for OthersCommunicating with Supervisors, Peers, or SubordinatesCommunicating with People Outside the OrganizationEstablishing and Maintaining Interpersonal RelationshipsAssisting and Caring for OthersSelling or Influencing OthersResolving Conflicts and Negotiating with OthersPerforming for or Working Directly with the PublicRepairing and Maintaining Mechanical EquipmentCoordinating the Work and Activities of OthersDeveloping and Building TeamsTraining and Teaching OthersGuiding, Directing, and Motivating SubordinatesCoaching and Developing OthersProviding Consultation and Advice to OthersPerforming Administrative ActivitiesStaffing Organizational UnitsMonitoring and Controlling ResourcesPerforming General Physical ActivitiesHandling and Moving ObjectsControlling Machines and Processes
Gregg Software Gregg Rock-ItProEst Software ProEst EstimatingSAP softwareCitrix cloud computing softwareMicrosoft WordGregg Software Gregg Rock-ItProEst Software ProEst EstimatingSAP softwareCitrix cloud computing softwareMicrosoft WordVirtual private networking VPN softwareMicrosoft Active Server Pages ASPMicrosoft Active Server Pages ASPVirtual private networking VPN softwareCPR Visual EstimatorCPR Visual EstimatorRISA Technologies RISA-3DRISA Technologies RISA-3DTradesman's Software Master EstimatorTradesman's Software Master EstimatorIntuit QuickBooksIntuit QuickBooksMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft Office softwareMicrosoft Office software
Brickmasons and Blockmasons
Low19.41%
Lay and bind building materials, such as brick, structural tile, concrete block, cinder block, glass block, and terra-cotta block, with mortar and other substances, to construct or repair walls, partitions, arches, sewers, and other structures.
Carpenters
Low17.84%
Construct, erect, install, or repair structures and fixtures made of wood and comparable materials, such as concrete forms; building frameworks, including partitions, joists, studding, and rafters; and wood stairways, window and door frames, and hardwood floors. May also install cabinets, siding, drywall, and batt or roll insulation. Includes brattice builders who build doors or brattices (ventilation walls or partitions) in underground passageways.
Floor Layers, Except Carpet, Wood, and Hard Tiles
Low14.12%
Apply blocks, strips, or sheets of shock-absorbing, sound-deadening, or decorative coverings to floors.
Tile and Stone Setters
Low13.80%
Apply hard tile, stone, and comparable materials to walls, floors, ceilings, countertops, and roof decks.
Cement Masons and Concrete Finishers
Low15.23%
Smooth and finish surfaces of poured concrete, such as floors, walks, sidewalks, roads, or curbs using a variety of hand and power tools. Align forms for sidewalks, curbs, or gutters; patch voids; and use saws to cut expansion joints.
Terrazzo Workers and Finishers
Low9.52%
Apply a mixture of cement, sand, pigment, or marble chips to floors, stairways, and cabinet fixtures to fashion durable and decorative surfaces.
Construction Laborers
Low21.08%
Perform tasks involving physical labor at construction sites. May operate hand and power tools of all types: air hammers, earth tampers, cement mixers, small mechanical hoists, surveying and measuring equipment, and a variety of other equipment and instruments. May clean and prepare sites, dig trenches, set braces to support the sides of excavations, erect scaffolding, and clean up rubble, debris, and other waste materials. May assist other craft workers.
Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers
Low6.66%
Apply plasterboard or other wallboard to ceilings or interior walls of buildings. Apply or mount acoustical tiles or blocks, strips, or sheets of shock-absorbing materials to ceilings and walls of buildings to reduce or reflect sound. Materials may be of decorative quality. Includes lathers who fasten wooden, metal, or rockboard lath to walls, ceilings, or partitions of buildings to provide support base for plaster, fireproofing, or acoustical material.
Plasterers and Stucco Masons
Low8.23%
Apply interior or exterior plaster, cement, stucco, or similar materials. May also set ornamental plaster.
Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers
Low10.60%
Position and secure steel bars or mesh in concrete forms in order to reinforce concrete. Use a variety of fasteners, rod-bending machines, blowtorches, and hand tools. Includes rod busters.
Roofers
Low3.66%
Cover roofs of structures with shingles, slate, asphalt, aluminum, wood, or related materials. May spray roofs, sidings, and walls with material to bind, seal, insulate, or soundproof sections of structures.
Structural Iron and Steel Workers
Low11.69%
Raise, place, and unite iron or steel girders, columns, and other structural members to form completed structures or structural frameworks. May erect metal storage tanks and assemble prefabricated metal buildings.
Helpers--Brickmasons, Blockmasons, Stonemasons, and Tile and Marble Setters
Low23.11%
Help brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, or tile and marble setters by performing duties requiring less skill. Duties include using, supplying, or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment.
Helpers--Carpenters
Low16.46%
Help carpenters by performing duties requiring less skill. Duties include using, supplying, or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment.
Segmental Pavers
Low12.33%
Lay out, cut, and place segmental paving units. Includes installers of bedding and restraining materials for the paving units.
Rock Splitters, Quarry
Low16.50%
Separate blocks of rough dimension stone from quarry mass using jackhammers, wedges, or chop saws.
Refractory Materials Repairers, Except Brickmasons
Low9.90%
Build or repair equipment such as furnaces, kilns, cupolas, boilers, converters, ladles, soaking pits, and ovens, using refractory materials.
Structural Metal Fabricators and Fitters
Low25.88%
Fabricate, position, align, and fit parts of structural metal products.
Molders, Shapers, and Casters, Except Metal and Plastic
Medium44.30%
Mold, shape, form, cast, or carve products such as food products, figurines, tile, pipes, and candles consisting of clay, glass, plaster, concrete, stone, or combinations of materials.
Stone Cutters and Carvers, Manufacturing
Low13.87%
Cut or carve stone according to diagrams and patterns.