Structural Iron and Steel Workers

Raise, place, and unite iron or steel girders, columns, and other structural members to form completed structures or structural frameworks. May erect metal storage tanks and assemble prefabricated metal buildings.

The occupation "Structural Iron and Steel Workers" has an automation risk of 11.7%, closely aligning with its base risk of 11.8%. This relatively low risk suggests that, although some aspects of the role are susceptible to automation, the majority of tasks still require a significant human element. The work involves not only technical skills but also adaptability to complex and unpredictable site conditions, which are difficult for machines to replicate fully. Many of the tools and machines that could be used in this field, such as robotic assemblers, would require extensive programming and supervision to handle the variability of real-world construction environments. As a result, while incremental automation is likely, the scope for completely automated workflows remains limited. Among the most automatable tasks for this occupation are: reading specifications or blueprints to determine the locations, quantities, or sizes of materials required; connecting columns, beams, and girders with bolts, following blueprints and supervisor instructions; and bolting aligned structural steel members into position for permanent riveting, bolting, or welding. These tasks are procedural in nature and can be consistently documented, which makes them well suited for automation technologies, especially with advancements in machine vision and robotics. Automated systems can be programmed to interpret digital blueprints and execute repetitive fastening jobs with precision, particularly in manufacturing environments or modular construction approaches. Conversely, the most resistant tasks include placing blocks under reinforcing bars for floor reinforcement, inserting sealing strips, wiring, and other materials depending on the type of structure, and holding rivets while air hammers are used to form heads on rivets. These duties require situational awareness, dexterity, and nuanced decision-making that robots and AI currently struggle to match, especially in the dynamic and often unpredictable settings of construction sites. The strongest automation bottlenecks are skills like Originality, scored at 2.8% and 2.5% respectively, indicating that problem-solving and creative adaptations play a significant role in this occupation. While technology will assist with some routine elements, these uniquely human capabilities ensure that structural iron and steel workers will continue to be essential for the foreseeable future.