Bioengineers and Biomedical Engineers
Medium49.00%
Salary Range
Low (10th %)$68,100
Median$100,730
High (90th %)$154,350
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Apply knowledge of engineering, biology, chemistry, computer science, and biomechanical principles to the design, development, and evaluation of biological, agricultural, and health systems and products, such as artificial organs, prostheses, instrumentation, medical information systems, and health management and care delivery systems.
The occupation of Bioengineers and Biomedical Engineers has an automation risk of 49.0%, which is slightly below the base risk estimate of 50.0%. This means that while almost half of the tasks performed in this field could potentially be automated in the near to medium term, a significant portion of the work still requires human oversight and intervention. The moderate risk score largely reflects the occupation's blend of routinely structured tasks that machines can handle and complex, innovation-driven responsibilities that still depend on human expertise. Among the most automatable tasks, evaluating the safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of biomedical equipment stands out, as it increasingly involves standardized data collection and analysis that machines can perform with high accuracy. Similarly, the preparation of technical reports, data summaries, or research articles relies heavily on organizing and formatting information—tasks well-suited to automation, especially as natural language generation tools improve. The design and development of biomedical instruments, while requiring specialized knowledge, often follow repeatable processes and established engineering principles, making these tasks partially automatable as well, especially in prototyping and simulation phases. Conversely, the tasks most resistant to automation require a high degree of originality, problem-solving, and leadership. Designing or directing bench or pilot production experiments, for instance, necessitates adaptive experimental planning and the ability to interpret ambiguous results—skills that remain beyond the reach of current AI. Leading studies to revise process sequences or operational protocols involves strategic thinking and contextual awareness, both of which are difficult to code into algorithms. Developing bioremediation processes to mitigate environmental impacts also demands creative approaches tailored to unpredictable biological systems. The bottleneck skill of originality, measured at 3.6% and 4.4% importance, underscores that while many tasks are becoming automatable, the creative and innovative core of this occupation acts as a significant barrier to full automation.
Filter by Automatable Status
Evaluate the safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of biomedical equipment.
Partially Automatable
Design or develop medical diagnostic or clinical instrumentation, equipment, or procedures, using the principles of engineering and biobehavioral sciences.
Partially Automatable
Conduct research, along with life scientists, chemists, and medical scientists, on the engineering aspects of the biological systems of humans and animals.
Partially Automatable
Adapt or design computer hardware or software for medical science uses.
Partially Automatable
Maintain databases of experiment characteristics or results.
Partially Automatable
Develop statistical models or simulations, using statistical or modeling software.
Partially Automatable
Read current scientific or trade literature to stay abreast of scientific, industrial, or technological advances.
Partially Automatable
Manage teams of engineers by creating schedules, tracking inventory, creating or using budgets, or overseeing contract obligations or deadlines.
Partially Automatable
Develop models or computer simulations of human biobehavioral systems to obtain data for measuring or controlling life processes.
Partially Automatable
Design or conduct follow-up experimentation, based on generated data, to meet established process objectives.
Partially Automatable
Collaborate with manufacturing or quality assurance staff to prepare product specification or safety sheets, standard operating procedures, user manuals, or qualification and validation reports.
Partially Automatable
Research new materials to be used for products, such as implanted artificial organs.
Partially Automatable
Prepare project plans for equipment or facility improvements, including time lines, budgetary estimates, or capital spending requests.
Partially Automatable
Consult with chemists or biologists to develop or evaluate novel technologies.
Partially Automatable
Confer with research and biomanufacturing personnel to ensure the compatibility of design and production.
Partially Automatable
Recommend process formulas, instrumentation, or equipment specifications, based on results of bench or pilot experimentation.
Partially Automatable
Communicate with suppliers regarding the design or specifications of bioproduction equipment, instrumentation, or materials.
Partially Automatable
Conduct training or in-services to educate clinicians and other personnel on proper use of equipment.
Partially Automatable
Advise hospital administrators on the planning, acquisition, and use of medical equipment.
Partially Automatable
Analyze new medical procedures to forecast likely outcomes.
Partially Automatable
Advise manufacturing staff regarding problems with fermentation, filtration, or other bioproduction processes.
Partially Automatable
Review existing manufacturing processes to identify opportunities for yield improvement or reduced process variation.
Partially Automatable
Develop bioremediation processes to reduce pollution, protect the environment, or treat waste products.
Partially Automatable
Lead studies to examine or recommend changes in process sequences or operation protocols.
Partially Automatable
Develop methodologies for transferring procedures or biological processes from laboratories to commercial-scale manufacturing production.
Partially Automatable
Prepare technical reports, data summary documents, or research articles for scientific publication, regulatory submissions, or patent applications.
Partially Automatable
Write documents describing protocols, policies, standards for use, maintenance, and repair of medical equipment.
Partially Automatable
Communicate with bioregulatory authorities regarding licensing or compliance responsibilities.
Partially Automatable
Design and deliver technology, such as prosthetic devices, to assist people with disabilities.
Partially Automatable
Design or direct bench or pilot production experiments to determine the scale of production methods that optimize product yield and minimize production costs.
Partially Automatable
Reading ComprehensionActive ListeningCritical ThinkingComplex Problem SolvingOperations MonitoringQuality Control AnalysisSystems EvaluationManagement of Personnel ResourcesWritingSpeakingMathematicsScienceActive LearningLearning StrategiesMonitoringSocial PerceptivenessCoordinationPersuasionNegotiationInstructingService OrientationOperations AnalysisTechnology DesignEquipment SelectionInstallationProgrammingOperation and ControlEquipment MaintenanceTroubleshootingRepairingJudgment and Decision MakingSystems AnalysisTime ManagementManagement of Financial ResourcesManagement of Material Resources
Arm-Hand SteadinessAuditory AttentionCategory FlexibilityControl PrecisionDeductive ReasoningDepth PerceptionDynamic FlexibilityDynamic StrengthExplosive StrengthExtent FlexibilityFar VisionFinger DexterityFlexibility of ClosureFluency of IdeasGlare SensitivityGross Body CoordinationGross Body EquilibriumHearing SensitivityInductive ReasoningInformation OrderingManual DexterityMathematical ReasoningMemorizationMultilimb CoordinationNear VisionNight VisionNumber FacilityOral ComprehensionOral ExpressionOriginalityPerceptual SpeedPeripheral VisionProblem SensitivityRate ControlReaction TimeResponse OrientationSelective AttentionSound LocalizationSpatial OrientationSpeech ClaritySpeech RecognitionSpeed of ClosureSpeed of Limb MovementStaminaStatic StrengthTime SharingTrunk StrengthVisual Color DiscriminationVisualizationWrist-Finger SpeedWritten ComprehensionWritten Expression
Administration and ManagementAdministrativeEconomics and AccountingSales and MarketingGeographyPersonnel and Human ResourcesProduction and ProcessingFood ProductionComputers and ElectronicsEngineering and TechnologyDesignBuilding and ConstructionMechanicalMathematicsPhysicsChemistryBiologySociology and AnthropologyHistory and ArcheologyFine ArtsPhilosophy and TheologyPublic Safety and SecurityLaw and GovernmentTelecommunicationsCommunications and MediaTransportationForeign LanguageEnglish LanguageEducation and TrainingTherapy and CounselingCustomer and Personal ServicePsychologyMedicine and Dentistry
Monitoring Processes, Materials, or SurroundingsGetting InformationIdentifying Objects, Actions, and EventsInspecting Equipment, Structures, or MaterialsEstimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or InformationJudging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or PeopleProcessing InformationEvaluating Information to Determine Compliance with StandardsAnalyzing Data or InformationUpdating and Using Relevant KnowledgeDeveloping Objectives and StrategiesScheduling Work and ActivitiesOrganizing, Planning, and Prioritizing WorkPerforming General Physical ActivitiesHandling and Moving ObjectsControlling Machines and ProcessesOperating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or EquipmentWorking with ComputersRepairing and Maintaining Electronic EquipmentDocumenting/Recording InformationDrafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and EquipmentInterpreting the Meaning of Information for OthersCommunicating with Supervisors, Peers, or SubordinatesCommunicating with People Outside the OrganizationRepairing and Maintaining Mechanical EquipmentEstablishing and Maintaining Interpersonal RelationshipsAssisting and Caring for OthersSelling or Influencing OthersResolving Conflicts and Negotiating with OthersPerforming for or Working Directly with the PublicCoordinating the Work and Activities of OthersDeveloping and Building TeamsTraining and Teaching OthersGuiding, Directing, and Motivating SubordinatesCoaching and Developing OthersProviding Consultation and Advice to OthersPerforming Administrative ActivitiesStaffing Organizational UnitsMonitoring and Controlling ResourcesMaking Decisions and Solving ProblemsThinking Creatively
Molecular simulation softwarePreventive maintenance softwarePreventive maintenance softwarePTC Pro/ENGINEER WildfireRapid application development RAD softwareMicrosoft Visual BasicFinite element method FEM softwareAdobe IllustratorCC++Ab InitioAdaDefect tracking softwareElectronic design automation EDA softwareFinite element analysis FEA softwareADInstruments LabChartApE A Plasmid EditorAspenTech HYSYSBiomechanical modeling softwareBioreactor DesignCadence Encounter TestCalibration softwareCharting softwareCircuit simulation softwareCommon cause failure assessment softwareComputational modeling softwareDyadem FMEA Pro-6Electromyograph analysis softwareEmbedded systems testing softwareEquipment compliance testing softwareERP softwareFailure rate data in perspective FARADIP softwareFailure rate database softwareFault tree analysis FTA softwareForce platform softwareFourier transform infrared FTIR softwareFunctional modeling softwareMicrosoft VisioMathsoft MathcadNeural network modeling softwareMicrosoft Visual BasicRapid prototyping softwareIBM Rational RequisiteProMicrosoft WindowsGait analysis softwareMinitabHuman modeling softwareRHypertext preprocessor PHPImageJSASSplunk EnterpriseInstrument control softwareIntelligen SuperPro DesignerLucidchartMaterials testing softwareThe MathWorks MATLABMedical imaging softwareJavaScriptMicrosoft Azure softwareMicrosoft TeamsPythonMedical information softwareRequirements management softwareMicrosoft PowerPointMicrosoft ProjectMicrosoft WordStructured query language SQLLinuxOracle JavaMicrosoft OutlookRed Hat Enterprise LinuxUnified modeling language UMLUNIXWord processing softwareIBM Rational ClearQuestMicrosoft operating systemVerilogMotion analysis softwareMaplesoft MapleSAS JMPNeuroSolutions for MatLabWolfram Research MathematicaIBM Rational ClearCaseOrCAD CaptureSystem testing softwareSoftware development toolsProject estimation softwarePolymath Software POLYMATHUser interface design softwareMathWorks SimulinkImage analysis softwareMentor Graphics softwareNumerical analysis softwarePTC Creo Elements/ProSNOINO RCM ProSNOINO TtreeStochastic modeling softwareTechnis BETAPLUSTest automation softwareThomson Reuters EndNoteThree-dimensional motion capture softwareVirtual instrument softwareZuken electrical design softwareSchematic design entry softwareStochastic modeling softwareStratasys FDM MedModelerThe MathWorks MATLABAdobe IllustratorCCriticality analysis softwareC++Computer aided design CAD softwareAb InitioAdaDiagramming softwareADInstruments LabChartApE A Plasmid EditorAspenTech HYSYSBiomechanical modeling softwareCadence Encounter TestCalibration softwareCharting softwareCircuit simulation softwareComputational modeling softwareDyadem FMEA Pro-6Electromyograph analysis softwareComputational fluid dynamics CFD softwareMathsoft MathcadMicrosoft VisioSAS JMPMicrosoft WindowsMinitabOracle DatabaseRIntegrated development environment IDE softwareSASIBM Rational RequisiteProSplunk EnterpriseFinite element method FEM softwareEmbedded systems testing softwareERP softwareFailure rate database softwareFault modeling softwareMicrosoft TeamsFault tree analysis FTA softwarePythonMean time between failures MBTF softwareForce platform softwareLinuxFourier transform infrared FTIR softwareOracle JavaFunctional modeling softwareGait analysis softwareRed Hat Enterprise LinuxUNIXMicrosoft PowerPointMicrosoft ProjectMicrosoft WordSAP softwareWord processing softwareIBM Rational ClearQuestVerilogMotion analysis softwareNational Instruments LabVIEWMaplesoft MapleNeuroSolutions for MatLabWolfram Research MathematicaIBM Rational ClearCaseOrCAD CaptureMicrosoft ExcelSystem testing softwareSoftware development toolsProject estimation softwareRoot cause analysis softwarePTC Pro/ENGINEER WildfirePolymath Software POLYMATHRapid prototyping softwareUser interface design softwareMathWorks SimulinkImage analysis softwareHuman modeling softwareHypertext preprocessor PHPImageJStratasys FDM MedModelerIntelligen SuperPro DesignerLucidchartMedical information softwareRequirements management softwareMentor Graphics softwareNumerical analysis softwarePTC Creo Elements/ProSNOINO RCM ProSNOINO TtreeTechnis BETAPLUSTest automation softwareThomson Reuters EndNoteThree-dimensional motion capture softwareVirtual instrument softwareSchematic design entry softwareFailure mode and effects analysis FMEA softwareReliability centered maintenance RCM softwareInstrument validation softwareMicrosoft Office softwareANSYS simulation softwareANSYS simulation softwareComputational fluid dynamics CFD softwareJavaScriptMicrosoft Azure softwareFinite element analysis FEA softwareHypertext markup language HTMLSAP BusinessObjects Crystal ReportsSAP BusinessObjects Crystal ReportsUnified modeling language UMLMicrosoft operating systemMolecular simulation softwareDassault Systemes SolidWorksLaboratory information management system LIMSLaboratory information management system LIMSRapid application development RAD softwareIntegrated development environment IDE softwareRoot cause analysis softwareBioreactor DesignCommon cause failure assessment softwareZuken electrical design softwareCriticality analysis softwareAdvanced computer simulation language ACSLAdvanced computer simulation language ACSLCadence Allegro Design Entry Capture and Capture CISCadence Allegro Design Entry Capture and Capture CISElectromechanical testing analysis softwareSimulation program with integrated circuit emphasis SPICEStructured query language SQLAdobe PhotoshopAdobe PhotoshopAutodesk AutoCADAutodesk AutoCADComputer aided manufacturing CAM softwareComputer aided manufacturing CAM softwareCalculating optimum maintenance parameters COMPARECalculating optimum maintenance parameters COMPARESystems analysis programs for hands on integrated reliability evaluation software SAPHIREComputer aided design CAD softwareDassault Systemes SolidWorksNational Instruments LabVIEWReliability centered maintenance RCM softwareNeural network modeling softwareDefect tracking softwareDiagramming softwareElectronic design automation EDA softwareHierarchical simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis HSPICEHierarchical simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis HSPICESimulation program with integrated circuit emphasis SPICEEquipment compliance testing softwareFailure rate data in perspective FARADIP softwareInstrument control softwareMaterials testing softwareMedical imaging softwareHardware description language HDLHardware description language HDLFailure mode and effects analysis FMEA softwareFault modeling softwareMean time between failures MBTF softwareInstrument validation softwareElectromechanical testing analysis softwareForce sensitive applications FSA softwareForce sensitive applications FSA softwareSystems analysis programs for hands on integrated reliability evaluation software SAPHIREExtensible markup language XMLSAP softwareOracle DatabaseHypertext markup language HTMLExtensible markup language XMLMicrosoft ExcelMicrosoft Office softwareMicrosoft OutlookMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft Access
Natural Sciences Managers
Medium46.02%
Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as life sciences, physical sciences, mathematics, statistics, and research and development in these fields.
Data Scientists
Medium59.38%
Develop and implement a set of techniques or analytics applications to transform raw data into meaningful information using data-oriented programming languages and visualization software. Apply data mining, data modeling, natural language processing, and machine learning to extract and analyze information from large structured and unstructured datasets. Visualize, interpret, and report data findings. May create dynamic data reports.
Bioinformatics Technicians
Medium54.40%
Apply principles and methods of bioinformatics to assist scientists in areas such as pharmaceuticals, medical technology, biotechnology, computational biology, proteomics, computer information science, biology and medical informatics. Apply bioinformatics tools to visualize, analyze, manipulate or interpret molecular data. May build and maintain databases for processing and analyzing genomic or other biological information.
Chemical Engineers
Medium50.90%
Design chemical plant equipment and devise processes for manufacturing chemicals and products, such as gasoline, synthetic rubber, plastics, detergents, cement, paper, and pulp, by applying principles and technology of chemistry, physics, and engineering.
Industrial Engineers
Medium52.84%
Design, develop, test, and evaluate integrated systems for managing industrial production processes, including human work factors, quality control, inventory control, logistics and material flow, cost analysis, and production coordination.
Materials Engineers
Medium47.91%
Evaluate materials and develop machinery and processes to manufacture materials for use in products that must meet specialized design and performance specifications. Develop new uses for known materials. Includes those engineers working with composite materials or specializing in one type of material, such as graphite, metal and metal alloys, ceramics and glass, plastics and polymers, and naturally occurring materials. Includes metallurgists and metallurgical engineers, ceramic engineers, and welding engineers.
Microsystems Engineers
Medium45.90%
Research, design, develop, or test microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices.
Nanosystems Engineers
Medium47.02%
Design, develop, or supervise the production of materials, devices, or systems of unique molecular or macromolecular composition, applying principles of nanoscale physics and electrical, chemical, or biological engineering.
Industrial Engineering Technologists and Technicians
Medium50.78%
Apply engineering theory and principles to problems of industrial layout or manufacturing production, usually under the direction of engineering staff. May perform time and motion studies on worker operations in a variety of industries for purposes such as establishing standard production rates or improving efficiency.
Nanotechnology Engineering Technologists and Technicians
Medium51.17%
Implement production processes and operate commercial-scale production equipment to produce, test, or modify materials, devices, or systems of unique molecular or macromolecular composition. Operate advanced microscopy equipment to manipulate nanoscale objects. Work under the supervision of nanoengineering staff.
Mechanical Engineering Technologists and Technicians
Medium48.38%
Apply theory and principles of mechanical engineering to modify, develop, test, or adjust machinery and equipment under direction of engineering staff or physical scientists.
Calibration Technologists and Technicians
Medium50.00%
Execute or adapt procedures and techniques for calibrating measurement devices, by applying knowledge of measurement science, mathematics, physics, chemistry, and electronics, sometimes under the direction of engineering staff. Determine measurement standard suitability for calibrating measurement devices. May perform preventive maintenance on equipment. May perform corrective actions to address identified calibration problems.
Biochemists and Biophysicists
Medium49.97%
Study the chemical composition or physical principles of living cells and organisms, their electrical and mechanical energy, and related phenomena. May conduct research to further understanding of the complex chemical combinations and reactions involved in metabolism, reproduction, growth, and heredity. May determine the effects of foods, drugs, serums, hormones, and other substances on tissues and vital processes of living organisms.
Bioinformatics Scientists
Medium51.45%
Conduct research using bioinformatics theory and methods in areas such as pharmaceuticals, medical technology, biotechnology, computational biology, proteomics, computer information science, biology and medical informatics. May design databases and develop algorithms for processing and analyzing genomic information, or other biological information.
Molecular and Cellular Biologists
Medium44.52%
Research and study cellular molecules and organelles to understand cell function and organization.
Chemists
Medium51.25%
Conduct qualitative and quantitative chemical analyses or experiments in laboratories for quality or process control or to develop new products or knowledge.
Materials Scientists
Medium49.08%
Research and study the structures and chemical properties of various natural and synthetic or composite materials, including metals, alloys, rubber, ceramics, semiconductors, polymers, and glass. Determine ways to strengthen or combine materials or develop new materials with new or specific properties for use in a variety of products and applications. Includes glass scientists, ceramic scientists, metallurgical scientists, and polymer scientists.
Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technologists
Medium47.65%
Perform complex medical laboratory tests for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. May train or supervise staff.
Histotechnologists
Medium47.76%
Apply knowledge of health and disease causes to evaluate new laboratory techniques and procedures to examine tissue samples. Process and prepare histological slides from tissue sections for microscopic examination and diagnosis by pathologists. May solve technical or instrument problems or assist with research studies.
Medical Equipment Repairers
Medium44.39%
Test, adjust, or repair biomedical or electromedical equipment.
Biofuels/Biodiesel Technology and Product Development Managers
Medium44.96%
Define, plan, or execute biofuels/biodiesel research programs that evaluate alternative feedstock and process technologies with near-term commercial potential.
Computer and Information Research Scientists
Medium45.73%
Conduct research into fundamental computer and information science as theorists, designers, or inventors. Develop solutions to problems in the field of computer hardware and software.
Mathematicians
Medium44.50%
Conduct research in fundamental mathematics or in application of mathematical techniques to science, management, and other fields. Solve problems in various fields using mathematical methods.
Biostatisticians
Medium55.00%
Develop and apply biostatistical theory and methods to the study of life sciences.
Human Factors Engineers and Ergonomists
Medium47.18%
Design objects, facilities, and environments to optimize human well-being and overall system performance, applying theory, principles, and data regarding the relationship between humans and respective technology. Investigate and analyze characteristics of human behavior and performance as it relates to the use of technology.
Microbiologists
Medium43.81%
Investigate the growth, structure, development, and other characteristics of microscopic organisms, such as bacteria, algae, or fungi. Includes medical microbiologists who study the relationship between organisms and disease or the effects of antibiotics on microorganisms.
Geneticists
Medium46.99%
Research and study the inheritance of traits at the molecular, organism or population level. May evaluate or treat patients with genetic disorders.
Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists
Medium45.59%
Conduct research dealing with the understanding of human diseases and the improvement of human health. Engage in clinical investigation, research and development, or other related activities.
Physicists
Medium51.27%
Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories.
Biological Technicians
Medium56.49%
Assist biological and medical scientists. Set up, operate, and maintain laboratory instruments and equipment, monitor experiments, collect data and samples, make observations, and calculate and record results. May analyze organic substances, such as blood, food, and drugs.
Engineering Teachers, Postsecondary
Medium40.92%
Teach courses pertaining to the application of physical laws and principles of engineering for the development of machines, materials, instruments, processes, and services. Includes teachers of subjects such as chemical, civil, electrical, industrial, mechanical, mineral, and petroleum engineering. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
Chemistry Teachers, Postsecondary
Medium39.53%
Teach courses pertaining to the chemical and physical properties and compositional changes of substances. Work may include providing instruction in the methods of qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching, and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
Cytogenetic Technologists
Medium55.83%
Analyze chromosomes or chromosome segments found in biological specimens, such as amniotic fluids, bone marrow, solid tumors, and blood to aid in the study, diagnosis, classification, or treatment of inherited or acquired genetic diseases. Conduct analyses through classical cytogenetic, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) or array comparative genome hybridization (aCGH) techniques.