Orthopedic Surgeons, Except Pediatric
Low31.67%
Salary Range
Low (10th %)$129,360
Median$--
High (90th %)$--
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Diagnose and perform surgery to treat and prevent rheumatic and other diseases in the musculoskeletal system.
The occupation "Orthopedic Surgeons, Except Pediatric" carries a base automation risk of 31.7%, which is relatively moderate compared to many other professions. This risk level reflects both the advances in medical technology and the inherent complexity of orthopedic surgery. Automation risk stems primarily from the capacity of software and medical AI to process large datasets such as medical histories, imaging results, and standardized treatment protocols. As a result, procedural tasks like analyzing patient histories, conducting research to develop surgical techniques, and diagnosing orthopedic conditions are more susceptible to automation. Such tasks rely heavily on pattern recognition, data correlation, and the application of established medical knowledge—areas where artificial intelligence systems already show considerable strength. The top three most automatable tasks for orthopedic surgeons highlight this trend. First, analyzing a patient’s medical history and examination results to verify the necessity of surgery is increasingly supported by AI diagnostic tools that integrate electronic health records and predictive analytics. Second, research into surgical techniques and the testing of new procedures can be partially automated through data analysis, simulation, and even robotic assistance in experimental settings. Third, making clinical diagnoses and recommending standard treatments or surgeries also aligns well with the capabilities of medical decision-support systems, which can process and compare substantial amounts of clinical information at speeds unmatched by humans. Despite these areas of vulnerability, the profession also includes several tasks that remain highly resistant to automation. Orthopedic surgeons often need to refer patients to other specialists, a nuanced decision that requires interpersonal communication and contextual understanding beyond the realm of current AI. Providing intra- and inter-disciplinary consultation and surgical assistance involves complex teamwork, adaptability, and on-the-spot decision-making—skills not easily replicated by machines. Prescribing tailored preoperative and postoperative regimens, such as sedatives, dietary adjustments, or antibiotics, necessitates hands-on patient evaluation and response to unique physiological factors. Crucial bottleneck skills in this field include high-level problem-solving, manual dexterity, situational adaptability, and empathetic communication, each of which require advanced, often intuitive judgements honed through experience and direct human interaction.
Filter by Automatable Status
Diagnose bodily disorders and orthopedic conditions, and provide treatments, such as medicines and surgeries, in clinics, hospital wards, or operating rooms.
Non-Automatable
Diagnose or treat disorders of the musculoskeletal system.
Partially Automatable
Direct and coordinate activities of nurses, assistants, specialists, residents, and other medical staff.
Non-Automatable
Examine instruments, equipment, and operating room to ensure sterility.
Partially Automatable
Examine patient to obtain information on medical condition and surgical risk.
Non-Automatable
Follow established surgical techniques during the operation.
Non-Automatable
Manage surgery services, including planning, scheduling and coordination, determination of procedures, or procurement of supplies and equipment.
Partially Automatable
Operate on patient's musculoskeletal system to correct deformities, repair injuries, prevent and treat diseases, or improve or restore patient's functions.
Non-Automatable
Order and interpret the results of laboratory tests and diagnostic imaging procedures.
Partially Automatable
Prepare case histories.
Partially Automatable
Provide consultation and surgical assistance to other physicians and surgeons.
Non-Automatable
Refer patient to medical specialist or other practitioners when necessary.
Partially Automatable
Analyze patient's medical history, medication allergies, physical condition, and examination results to verify operation's necessity and to determine best procedure.
Partially Automatable
Conduct research to develop and test surgical techniques that can improve operating procedures and outcomes related to musculoskeletal injuries and diseases.
Non-Automatable
Prescribe preoperative and postoperative treatments and procedures, such as sedatives, diets, antibiotics, or preparation and treatment of the patient's operative area.
Partially Automatable
Microsoft WindowsHuman resources management system HRMSMEDITECH softwareEpic SystemsElectronic medical record EMR softwarePractice management software PMSComputer imaging softwareImage-guided surgery softwareIntegra Radionics NeuroSight ArcMedical laser control softwareRobotic surgery softwareThree-dimensional 3D virtual surgery softwareMicrosoft WindowsMEDITECH softwareElectronic medical record EMR softwareHuman resources management system HRMSPractice management software PMSComputer imaging softwareImage-guided surgery softwareIntegra Radionics NeuroSight ArcMedical laser control softwareRobotic surgery softwareEpic SystemsThree-dimensional 3D virtual surgery software
Chiropractors
Medium44.77%
Assess, treat, and care for patients by manipulation of spine and musculoskeletal system. May provide spinal adjustment or address sacral or pelvic misalignment.
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
Low10.53%
Perform surgery and related procedures on the hard and soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial regions to treat diseases, injuries, or defects. May diagnose problems of the oral and maxillofacial regions. May perform surgery to improve function or appearance.
Physician Assistants
Medium41.05%
Provide healthcare services typically performed by a physician, under the supervision of a physician. Conduct complete physicals, provide treatment, and counsel patients. May, in some cases, prescribe medication. Must graduate from an accredited educational program for physician assistants.
Anesthesiologist Assistants
Low29.30%
Assist anesthesiologists in the administration of anesthesia for surgical and non-surgical procedures. Monitor patient status and provide patient care during surgical treatment.
Podiatrists
Low26.84%
Diagnose and treat diseases and deformities of the human foot.
Anesthesiologists
Medium38.32%
Administer anesthetics and analgesics for pain management prior to, during, or after surgery.
Cardiologists
Medium38.46%
Diagnose, treat, manage, and prevent diseases or conditions of the cardiovascular system. May further subspecialize in interventional procedures (e.g., balloon angioplasty and stent placement), echocardiography, or electrophysiology.
Dermatologists
Medium36.89%
Diagnose and treat diseases relating to the skin, hair, and nails. May perform both medical and dermatological surgery functions.
Emergency Medicine Physicians
Medium39.71%
Make immediate medical decisions and act to prevent death or further disability. Provide immediate recognition, evaluation, care, stabilization, and disposition of patients. May direct emergency medical staff in an emergency department.
Family Medicine Physicians
Medium43.08%
Diagnose, treat, and provide preventive care to individuals and families across the lifespan. May refer patients to specialists when needed for further diagnosis or treatment.
General Internal Medicine Physicians
Medium37.53%
Diagnose and provide nonsurgical treatment for a wide range of diseases and injuries of internal organ systems. Provide care mainly for adults and adolescents, and are based primarily in an outpatient care setting.
Neurologists
Medium34.77%
Diagnose, manage, and treat disorders and diseases of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves, with a primarily nonsurgical focus.
Obstetricians and Gynecologists
Medium36.09%
Provide medical care related to pregnancy or childbirth. Diagnose, treat, and help prevent diseases of women, particularly those affecting the reproductive system. May also provide general care to women. May perform both medical and gynecological surgery functions.
Pediatricians, General
Medium39.09%
Diagnose, treat, and help prevent diseases and injuries in children. May refer patients to specialists for further diagnosis or treatment, as needed.
Radiologists
Medium41.85%
Diagnose and treat diseases and injuries using medical imaging techniques, such as x rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear medicine, and ultrasounds. May perform minimally invasive medical procedures and tests.
Urologists
Low29.87%
Diagnose, treat, and help prevent benign and malignant medical and surgical disorders of the genitourinary system and the renal glands.
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Physicians
Medium37.64%
Diagnose and treat disorders requiring physiotherapy to provide physical, mental, and occupational rehabilitation.
Ophthalmologists, Except Pediatric
Medium38.21%
Diagnose and perform surgery to treat and help prevent disorders and diseases of the eye. May also provide vision services for treatment including glasses and contacts.
Pediatric Surgeons
Low27.78%
Diagnose and perform surgery to treat fetal abnormalities and birth defects, diseases, and injuries in fetuses, premature and newborn infants, children, and adolescents. Includes all pediatric surgical specialties and subspecialties.
Medical Assistants
Medium39.45%
Perform administrative and certain clinical duties under the direction of a physician. Administrative duties may include scheduling appointments, maintaining medical records, billing, and coding information for insurance purposes. Clinical duties may include taking and recording vital signs and medical histories, preparing patients for examination, drawing blood, and administering medications as directed by physician.
Dentists, General
Low23.33%
Examine, diagnose, and treat diseases, injuries, and malformations of teeth and gums. May treat diseases of nerve, pulp, and other dental tissues affecting oral hygiene and retention of teeth. May fit dental appliances or provide preventive care.
Orthodontists
Medium35.80%
Examine, diagnose, and treat dental malocclusions and oral cavity anomalies. Design and fabricate appliances to realign teeth and jaws to produce and maintain normal function and to improve appearance.
Prosthodontists
Low20.51%
Diagnose, treat, rehabilitate, design, and fit prostheses that maintain oral function, health, and appearance for patients with clinical conditions associated with teeth, oral and maxillofacial tissues, or the jaw.
Optometrists
Medium39.41%
Diagnose, manage, and treat conditions and diseases of the human eye and visual system. Examine eyes and visual system, diagnose problems or impairments, prescribe corrective lenses, and provide treatment. May prescribe therapeutic drugs to treat specific eye conditions.
Physical Therapists
Medium36.93%
Assess, plan, organize, and participate in rehabilitative programs that improve mobility, relieve pain, increase strength, and improve or correct disabling conditions resulting from disease or injury.
Radiation Therapists
Medium42.66%
Provide radiation therapy to patients as prescribed by a radiation oncologist according to established practices and standards. Duties may include reviewing prescription and diagnosis; acting as liaison with physician and supportive care personnel; preparing equipment, such as immobilization, treatment, and protection devices; and maintaining records, reports, and files. May assist in dosimetry procedures and tumor localization.
Respiratory Therapists
Low32.47%
Assess, treat, and care for patients with breathing disorders. Assume primary responsibility for all respiratory care modalities, including the supervision of respiratory therapy technicians. Initiate and conduct therapeutic procedures; maintain patient records; and select, assemble, check, and operate equipment.
Audiologists
Medium42.52%
Assess and treat persons with hearing and related disorders. May fit hearing aids and provide auditory training. May perform research related to hearing problems.
Physicians, Pathologists
Medium41.42%
Diagnose diseases and conduct lab tests using organs, body tissues, and fluids. Includes medical examiners.
Psychiatrists
Medium38.90%
Diagnose, treat, and help prevent mental disorders.
Allergists and Immunologists
Medium38.37%
Diagnose, treat, and help prevent allergic diseases and disease processes affecting the immune system.
Sports Medicine Physicians
Medium44.58%
Diagnose, treat, and help prevent injuries that occur during sporting events, athletic training, and physical activities.
Acupuncturists
Medium35.57%
Diagnose, treat, and prevent disorders by stimulating specific acupuncture points within the body using acupuncture needles. May also use cups, nutritional supplements, therapeutic massage, acupressure, and other alternative health therapies.
Naturopathic Physicians
Medium34.38%
Diagnose, treat, and help prevent diseases using a system of practice that is based on the natural healing capacity of individuals. May use physiological, psychological or mechanical methods. May also use natural medicines, prescription or legend drugs, foods, herbs, or other natural remedies.
Cardiovascular Technologists and Technicians
Medium45.83%
Conduct tests on pulmonary or cardiovascular systems of patients for diagnostic, therapeutic, or research purposes. May conduct or assist in electrocardiograms, cardiac catheterizations, pulmonary functions, lung capacity, and similar tests.
Diagnostic Medical Sonographers
Medium39.41%
Produce ultrasonic recordings of internal organs for use by physicians. Includes vascular technologists.
Radiologic Technologists and Technicians
Medium43.68%
Take x-rays and CAT scans or administer nonradioactive materials into patient's bloodstream for diagnostic or research purposes. Includes radiologic technologists and technicians who specialize in other scanning modalities.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technologists
Medium39.05%
Operate Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanners. Monitor patient safety and comfort, and view images of area being scanned to ensure quality of pictures. May administer gadolinium contrast dosage intravenously. May interview patient, explain MRI procedures, and position patient on examining table. May enter into the computer data such as patient history, anatomical area to be scanned, orientation specified, and position of entry.
Surgical Technologists
Low32.40%
Assist in operations, under the supervision of surgeons, registered nurses, or other surgical personnel. May help set up operating room, prepare and transport patients for surgery, adjust lights and equipment, pass instruments and other supplies to surgeons and surgeons' assistants, hold retractors, cut sutures, and help count sponges, needles, supplies, and instruments.
Ophthalmic Medical Technicians
Medium34.66%
Assist ophthalmologists by performing ophthalmic clinical functions. May administer eye exams, administer eye medications, and instruct the patient in care and use of corrective lenses.
Orthotists and Prosthetists
Medium36.05%
Design, measure, fit, and adapt orthopedic braces, appliances or prostheses, such as limbs or facial parts for patients with disabling conditions.
Hearing Aid Specialists
Medium35.90%
Select and fit hearing aids for customers. Administer and interpret tests of hearing. Assess hearing instrument efficacy. Take ear impressions and prepare, design, and modify ear molds.
Ophthalmic Medical Technologists
Medium43.00%
Assist ophthalmologists by performing ophthalmic clinical functions and ophthalmic photography. Provide instruction and supervision to other ophthalmic personnel. Assist with minor surgical procedures, applying aseptic techniques and preparing instruments. May perform eye exams, administer eye medications, and instruct patients in care and use of corrective lenses.
Surgical Assistants
Low14.08%
Assist in operations, under the supervision of surgeons. May, in accordance with state laws, help surgeons to make incisions and close surgical sites, manipulate or remove tissues, implant surgical devices or drains, suction the surgical site, place catheters, clamp or cauterize vessels or tissue, and apply dressings to surgical site.
Physical Therapist Aides
Low24.73%
Under close supervision of a physical therapist or physical therapy assistant, perform only delegated, selected, or routine tasks in specific situations. These duties include preparing the patient and the treatment area.
Massage Therapists
Low22.89%
Perform therapeutic massages of soft tissues and joints. May assist in the assessment of range of motion and muscle strength, or propose client therapy plans.
Dental Assistants
Medium35.48%
Perform limited clinical duties under the direction of a dentist. Clinical duties may include equipment preparation and sterilization, preparing patients for treatment, assisting the dentist during treatment, and providing patients with instructions for oral healthcare procedures. May perform administrative duties such as scheduling appointments, maintaining medical records, billing, and coding information for insurance purposes.
Medical Transcriptionists
High67.76%
Transcribe medical reports recorded by physicians and other healthcare practitioners using various electronic devices, covering office visits, emergency room visits, diagnostic imaging studies, operations, chart reviews, and final summaries. Transcribe dictated reports and translate abbreviations into fully understandable form. Edit as necessary and return reports in either printed or electronic form for review and signature, or correction.
Endoscopy Technicians
Low20.63%
Maintain a sterile field to provide support for physicians and nurses during endoscopy procedures. Prepare and maintain instruments and equipment. May obtain specimens.
Shampooers
Low24.77%
Shampoo and rinse customers' hair.
Medical Appliance Technicians
Low24.63%
Construct, maintain, or repair medical supportive devices such as braces, orthotics and prosthetic devices, joints, arch supports, and other surgical and medical appliances.