Service Unit Operators, Oil and Gas

Operate equipment to increase oil flow from producing wells or to remove stuck pipe, casing, tools, or other obstructions from drilling wells. Includes fishing-tool technicians.

The occupation "Service Unit Operators, Oil and Gas" has an automation risk of 39.0%, which is marginally below its base risk of 39.5%. This suggests that although a significant portion of tasks within this role are susceptible to automation, a considerable number still require human skills, decision-making, or adaptability. The relatively moderate level of automation risk is influenced by the unique blend of hands-on technical duties and the need for critical thinking in unpredictable environments like oil and gas fields. Many operational processes are already aided by machinery or computer systems, but a fully automated system remains difficult due to the complexity and variability of tasks. As a result, the occupation faces technological changes but is unlikely to be completely overtaken by automation in the near term. The top three most automatable tasks in this occupation rely heavily on standard procedures and repetitive actions. "Maintain and perform safety inspections on equipment and tools" can be partially automated using advanced diagnostics and maintenance robots. "Operate controls that raise derricks or level rigs" involves physical machine operation, which is within the capabilities of autonomous systems and remotely operated equipment. "Listen to engines, rotary chains, or other equipment to detect faulty operations or unusual well conditions" can be replicated by sensor arrays and machine learning models trained to recognize mechanical anomalies. These tasks typically require consistency and accuracy, making them prime targets for automation technologies. Conversely, the most resistant tasks highlight why full automation is challenging. "Insert detection instruments into wells with obstructions" often demands adaptability, creative problem-solving, and dexterity—skills that machines struggle to replicate, particularly in irregular or hazardous situations. "Monitor sound wave-generating or detecting mechanisms to determine well fluid levels" involves interpreting nuanced data, often requiring experience and contextual judgment. Lastly, "Examine unserviceable wells to determine actions to be taken to improve well conditions" relies on situational analysis, ingenuity, and on-the-fly decision-making. The bottleneck skills of originality, though rated at 2.6% and 2.4%, indicate that innovative thinking is occasionally necessary, creating a persistent barrier to total automation in key tasks within this occupation.